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Reinforcement of Steep Grassed Waterways
A collaborative research program has been undertaken in the UK to develop guidelines for the use of various proprietary reinforcement systems to enhance the erosion resistance of grass...

Composite Resistance to Flow With an Ice Cover
Recent data collected on several rivers in Michigan suggest, with only an ice cover present, that Manning's roughness ratio is constant at n//R equals 0. 65. If other ice...

Roughness Coefficients of Large Floods
Most hydraulic calculations of flow in channels and overbank areas require an evaluation of flow resistance generally expressed as Manning's roughness coefficient, n. Literature...

CWSI and Stomatal Resistance of Cotton and Soybeans
A new instrument, Scheduler(TRADEMARK), has been developed to measure the onset and duration of plant water stress. This device consists of a sensor package (containing an infrared thermometer,...

Liberty Restored
The Outstanding Civil Engineering Achievement of 1987 is the restoration of the Statue of Liberty in New York Harbor. The restoration work included many engineering tasks that by themselves...

Redundancy Evaluation of Existing Bridges
The redundancy of an existing bridge can only be correctly assessed by considering the full superstructure as a single entity. Any formulation based on the analysis of bridge components...

Calibration of a Bridge Rating Formula for Overload Permits
This paper proposes a method to calibrate a reliability based load and resistance factor design (LRFD) permit evaluation formulation that will account for the overloaded truck's...

LFRD Bridge Design as Viewed by the Designer
The load and resistance factor design (LFRD) design concept has been resisted by some bridge engineers on the grounds that it represents a reduction of the 'factor of safety'...

Overview of the Guidelines for T/L Structure Loadings
This section introduces a reliability based design methodology that forms the framework for the loading guidelines. A Load and Resistance Factor Design (LRFD) format is presented for the...

Analysis and Design of Wind- and Earthquake-Resistance of an S-Curved Cable-Stayed Bridge
Just recently, in January of 1987, the first S-curved cable-stayed bridge in the world has been completed as a part of Metropolitan Expressway's Katsushika-Edogawa Route in...

Response of Structures to Horizontal-Vertical Earthquakes
In the present work, the responses of a class of hysteretically nonlinear structures subjected to the combined horizontal and vertical random ground accelerations are studied. A massless...

Dynamic Behavior of R/C Buildings in Vi? del Mar, Chile
The Chilean earthquake of 3 March 1985 resulted in an effective peak acceleration of 0. 36g in the coastal city of Vina del Mar. The city had an inventory of over 400 reinforced concrete...

Methods for Improving the Seismic Response of Concentrically Braced Steel Frames
This paper briefly reviews various factors contributing to the poor performance occasionally observed in concentrically braced steel frame structures during recent earthquakes. Several...

Unusual Shaped Highrise Buildings in Seismic Zone
The structural concepts, seismic analysis and design of five recent highrise structures are presented in this paper. The paper deals with the problem of multistory buildings having 'structural...

The Design and Construction of the Washington State Convention and Trade Center Over Interstate 5
The Washington State Convention and Trade Center is a 10-level, 1,000,000-square foot facility constructed over Interstate 5 in downtown Seattle. The project spans over three city streets...

Application of Normal Integration Formulas to Bridge Reliability Analysis
Structural reliability analysis often involves extensive integration of complex multivariable functions. Special techniques can be used to reduce this numerical effort. This paper deals...

Optimum Cut-Outs on Plate Stability
Cut-outs are unavoidable in some of the plate components. To minimize the plate weight, in the meantime, to maintain the critical buckling load as high as possible is one of the major...

General Considerations for Seismic Stability
The basic design consideration is provision of sufficient stiffness, strength and adequate ductility for the varied loads imposed on the building. Adequate stiffness is needed to resist...

Code Designed Steel Frame Performance Characteristics
Three similar steel ductile moment-resisting frame structures designed in accordance to the Uniform Building Code (1976-1985) are evaluated for their performance characteristics during...

Maximum Response of Buildings to Multi-Seismic Input
The paper presents a technique of determining the maximum response of a torsionally-translationally coupling structure subjected to three ground translational components. It was found...

 

 

 

 

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