Specifying Trench Safety: the Texas Experience
The frequency of accidents during trenching operations has grown so dramatically that the issue has caught the attention of both industry 'insiders' and 'outsiders.'...
Temporary Structures for Protection and Access
Temporary Structures in Construction Projects (TSC) are utilized for three (3) purposes A. Support (of the structure being built or adjacent structures or utilities) B. Protection (of...
Fall Protection & Debris Containment During Construction
The purpose of this paper is to review the current practices in the United States for both fall protection and debris protection during high rise construction. A performance comparison...
Temporary Lateral Support System for Historic Building Facades in Boston
This paper describes a system of vertically cantilevered structural steel trusses, designed by the author, that provided temporary lateral support for a group of five and six story, 120...
Performance of a Prestressed Rigid Frame During Removal of Column 6W from I93 in Boston, Massachusetts
The first phase of the suppression of Boston's Central Artery included the Early Viaduct Construction in the Central Artery North Area. This project required that Column 6W...
Temporary Traffic Deck Over Braced Excavation
A case history is used to examine the planning, design, and installation of a temporary traffic deck over a 23-foot-deep braced excavation. The deck was installed in a three-phase sequence...
Permanent Structure as Part of the Underpinning System for Boston's Central Artery
The Central Artery, a major six lane structural steel viaduct, has been one of Boston's most significant roadways over the past three decades. Increasing congestion, accidents,...
Modular-Prestressed Shoring System for Demolition
Two case histories are used to present the development and performance of a modular prestressed vertical shoring system to control deflections of existing structures during the demolition...
Design and Planning of Structural Steel Roll-In
Innovative construction methods were required to erect structural steel inside a 170 foot long box truss over a railroad. The contractor engineered and executed a unique system to roll...
Composite Twin Tub Bridge Erection Intersection of Interstate I-84 and I-94 in Hartford, Connecticut
Curved bridge erection requires detailed preparation by the contractor, plus a sharing of responsibility and liability between the owner, designer of the new structure and the contractor....
Historical Background
Discussions on payments for encountering unexpected conditions in construction commenced in 1960 and subsequent programs were presented in 1963, 1989 and 1991. The current symposium contains...
Who Pays for the Unexpected in Construction? A Heavy Construction Contractor's Viewpoint
The complex question of who pays for the unexpected in construction is analyzed using several examples from experience. In addition to the unexpected being due to subsurface conditions,...
Who Pays for the Unexpected in Construction??Owner as Engineer's Point of View
In the case of an unexpected discovery or development, it potentially may evolve into a three-cornered dispute among the Owner, Engineer, and Contractor. Frequently, it may become a two-sided...
Who Pays for the Unexpected in Construction?
Unexpected events of major concern result from voluntary risks taken by one or more of the parties to a construction contract. The party taking the risk should reap the reward or pay the...
Who Pays for the Unexpected in Construction: The Geotechnical Contractor's Point of View
Unexpected conditions are inherent in most construction projects and often lead to claims and legal action. Contract risk avoidance language force owners, engineers and contractors to...
Who Pays for the Unexpected in Construction
A grouting contractor's point of view on who pays for the unexpected in construction is presented. Because grouting can be used as an alternative for other construction procedures,...
Who Pays for the Unexpected in Construction??The Lawyer's Point of View
Encountering the unexpected is to be expected - it is one of the risks inherent in construction. While encountering the unexpected cannot be completely prevented, steps to (1) reduce the...
Who Pays for the Unexpected in Construction?An Architect's Viewpoint
As an Architect, who in the first instance is contractually obligated to address the full range of design discipline services, the question of 'who pays for the unexpected...
Who Pays for the Unexpected in Construction: Hi-Rise Engineers Point of View
The unexpected in high-rise construction can be traced to design criteria evolving from environmental models and probes, as well as 3 general problems dealing with quality control in contract...
Who Pays for the Unexpected in Construction
The problem of who pays for the unexpected in construction is discussed in relation to the testing and inspection of construction materials. Laboratory is often blamed for poor construction...
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