Vacuum Sewers: Fundamentals and Design Methods
Vacuum sewer (VS) systems have important advantages over conventional gravity sanitary sewers or septic tank-soil absorption systems when one or more of the following conditions hold:...
Vacuum Sewers: Construction and Operating Experience
As an alternative to conventional collection, the vacuum system has many advantages. Smaller diameter pipes, shallower trenches and the ability to make vertical and horizontal field changes...
Control of Surge Pressures in Irrigation Systems
Excessively high or low pressure within an irrigation system can result in damage to pipelines, pumps, valves, and on-farm facilities. Frequently, these pressure variations are caused...
Controlled-leak Methods for Water Level Control
The controlled-leak methods are a group of similar techniques for controlling upstream water levels, downstream water levels, or offtake canal discharges. They require no electrical power...
Case Studies?Semi-Closed Pipeline Systems, Orange Cove and Solano Irrigation Districts
The Harris Float Valve is a simple mechanically leveraged valve connected to a float, which activates the valve with the rise and fall of the water surface on the down stream side of the...
Lessons from the Failure of a Needle Valve
In 1984 a manually operated, hydraulically actuated 66-inch needle valve ruptured due to water hammer. The circumstances that caused the failure were reconstructed through extensive analysis...
Surge Flow?Automation of Surface Irrigation?At Last
The studies which led to the development of Surge Flow at Utah State University, began as an effort to automate surface irrigation systems. The first prototype models, were electric control...
Solution to a Waterhammer Problem: A Case Study
Waterhammer is caused by a rapid change in the flow velocity of liquid in a pressurized pipeline. Therefore, the potential for waterhammer exists in almost every pressurized liquid piping...
Miramar/Alvarado Hydropower Projects
The San Diego County Water Authority (SDCWA) was organized in 1944 to provide imported water to member agencies in San Diego County. The 24 member agencies supply 90 percent of the water...
Analyses and Field Tests for Hydraulic Transients Sultan Hydroelectric Project
Two in-line Francis units with their long discharge conduit and bypass valves present some unique problems in controlling hydraulic transients in this system. The problems were compounded...
Hydraulic Design of the Strontia Springs Diversion Dam
The hydraulic features which were of primary significance for the project were the diversion tunnel and spillway. The low-level outlet valves and water-supply intake were relatively straight-forward...
A Methodology for Optimal Network Design
A methodology is developed to optimize the design of water distribution networks using reduced gradient techniques with a network simulator. The problem is reduced in complexity by incorporating...
Quick Stroking: A Fast and Accurate Algorithm for Time-Optimal Valve Closure Synthesis
In this paper, a fast, simple, yet effective technique for valve motion synthesis is developed. This technique called Quick Stroking is applied to a practical example problem, and it may...
Prototype Studies of Corps of Engineers Structures Experiencing Cavitation Damage
A number of Corps of Engineers structures have sustained damage caused by the occurrence of cavitation. The damage has varied from slight pitting to severe erosion. The damage has occurred...
Factory-Built Pump Stations for Water Service
Booster pumps for fire protection in tall buildings and small sewage pump stations have been available for many years as factory-built packages. These packages include pumps, motors, controls,...
Manual on Lock Valves
One of the founding documents concerning the standardization of lock valves,
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