Lysimeter Use in Water Resources Research in China
The type, structure, development and application of lysimeter in China are reviewed in this paper. The construction and experimental observation of large non-weighing lysimeter in Ranzhuang...
Transpiration by Douglas Fir Using Lysimeters
During the spring of 1971 a 28 m Douglas fir tree was installed in a weighing lysimeter. Some details of construction are presented. The weighing mechanism consisted of eleven lengths...
Representativeness of Floating Evapotranspirometers
In the first part of the paper, the design, the working principle and the field installation of floating evapotranspirometer are described with the data logging system which delivers continuous...
Prefabricated Weighing Lysimeter for Remote Research Stations
After designing and constructing several precision scale system weighing lysimeters in Southern Europe and the Middle East, the need arose for a prefabricated 'turn-key'...
Effect of Choptank Watershed Drainage Project on Suspended Sediment Concentration
Between 1974 and 1982, the Soil Conservation Service, U.S.D.A. conducted a sediment concentration study on the Choptank Watershed in Caroline County, Maryland to monitor the effects of...
Innovative Reregulation Weirs for Dam Releases
Two different reregulation weir designs for dam release improvement are discussed. A porous timber crib is favored for applications where increased minimum flow is needed, and a labyrinth...
Bridge Scour Vulnerability Assessment
Although the failure of the New York Throughway bridge over Schoharie Creek in 1987 has focused national attention on scour related failures, other failures reinforce the need for implementing...
Local Resources in Developing Country Water Supplies
Maximizing the use of local resources in water supply projects can expand markets for locally produced equipment and materials, reduce exports and minimize expenditures of hard currency...
Using Social Infrastructure in Support of Appropriate Technology
This paper proposes and argues for an expanded definition of social infrastructure, suggesting that the creation, adoption and maintenance of appropriate technology are dependent upon...
Appropriate Technology in Infrastructure Development and Management
Infrastructure management principles apply to appropriate technologies used for hydraulic structures. However, some of the principles are more culturally sensitive than others, mainly...
Temporary Facilities?Making It Happen, Organization and Logistics
As construction projects become larger, more complex and are constructed both faster and under more adverse conditions--the use of temporary facilities is more prevalent. Temporary facilities...
CPM Techniques for Claims Avoidance and Preparation
Virtually all major construction claims consist of some aspects of delay, disruption or acceleration. Since all of the foregoing relate directly to the timing and sequencing of the project...
Planning and Organization to Control Liabilities and Insurance Cost
The liabilities and insurance cost associated with construction projects can be considerable. Activities that are performed which carry extensive liability exposures with limited controls...
The Benefits of U.K. Guidance for Temporary Works
In British contracts the Contractor is responsible for the design and execution of temporary works unless the Design Engineer or the Client expressly instruct how the work is to be undertaken...
Legal Principles and Theories
Legal issues are intertwined with all aspects of the technical considerations relating to temporary structures. This paper presents an introduction to the legal theories which relate to...
Current Legal Issues Impacting Temporary Works in Construction
There are two evolving areas of legal concern to the engineer and contractor involved in any aspect of temporary construction. The interpretation and application of the Occupational Safety...
Liabilities in Temporary Structures Failures?Representative Case Histories
Eight case studies involving construction accidents caused by failure of temporary structures are presented. These studies illustrate the oftentimes unintended consequence of utilizing...
Liability Insurance Coverages for Designers of Temporary Structures
A recent survey completed by the American Consulting Engineers Counsel (ACEC) indicates that in 1990 approximately 40 claims occurred per 100 firms. There also is an indication that claims...
Safety Analysis of Handset Wood Slab Formworks
A reliability index is calculated for flexural strength of a handset wood slab formwork system. Load and resistance models are based on a survey of construction loads and wood test data...
Limit States Design of Wooden Formwork for Concrete Walls
Load and resistance factors are developed for ultimate limit states design of wooden formwork components for concrete walls when the lateral concrete pressures are computed using the ACI...
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