Modelling of Contaminant Transport in Clays Via Irreversible Thermodynamics
This study develops a model for the analysis and prediction of contaminant transport in soils using principles of irreversible thermodynamics. The developed model includes five parameters...
Detection, Control, and Renovation of Contaminated Ground Water
The papers in this book provide technical guidance to engineers regarding the problems, solutions, and uncertainties associated with groundwater contamination in the United States. The...
Water Jets: Concrete Yes, Tunneling Maybe
High pressure water jets are demolishing concrete from bridge and parking decks, faster and at lower cost than by traditional means. The technique is fast becoming an acceptable option....
Worth a Thousand Words
In recent years, microcomputers have grown powerful enough to take over many of the functions that once, only a mainframe could understand. In addition, they have added a few tricks of...
Predicting Equipment Failure
At Cleveland's Westerly Water Pollution Control Center, the physical/chemical plant for treating wastewater is one of the largest of its kind, with 50 mgd average capacity....
Delivery System Schedules and Required Capacities
The delivery of irrigation water to farmers from irrigation districts vary considerably from one project to another. A number of delivery schedules have been identified according to the...
Irrigation Water Management with Rotation Scheduling Policies
Rotation schedules are delivery-system oriented and represent relatively low capitol investment in system components and system management, but are not usually responsive enough to crop...
System Scheduling for Large Farming Operations
Irrigation scheduling uses evapotranspiration data to recommend the time and amount of the next irrigation on a field by field basis. System scheduling minimizes the cost of water deliveries...
Arranged Delivery Schedules
The method of delivery of irrigation water to farmers from irrigation districts vary considerably from one project to another. Rotation delivery systems usually place too many restrictions...
Demand Irrigation Schedules
This class of schedules consists of Demand and Limited Rate Demand. They need no communication system and can satisfy the on-farm needs with negligible constraint. The Demand schedule...
Structuring Distribution Agencies for Irrigation Water Delivery
The performance of an irrigation project is significantly influenced by the organization which distributes water to users. It is demonstrated that a intermediate level authority, typically...
Overview of Canal Control Concepts
An overview of terminology and philosophies of canal control, plus brief descriptions of canal automation technologies, is given. The justification given for examining control schemes...
Long Crested Weirs
A method has been developed to integrate and evaluate the head relationship between canal weirs and turnouts. The objective is to minimize flow variations through the turnout and at the...
Neyrtec Automatic Equipment for Irrigation Canals
The French Company ALSTHOM has developed a line of simple equipment for automatic level control and constant discharge control in canal irrigation systems. The paper includes a description...
Controlled-leak Methods for Water Level Control
The controlled-leak methods are a group of similar techniques for controlling upstream water levels, downstream water levels, or offtake canal discharges. They require no electrical power...
Automated Water Control in Southern Alberta
The distributed control system for water delivery that has evolved in Alberta, Canada is described including the type of hardware used and the general operating philosophy. Of importance...
Bival System for Downstream Control
The BIVAL system of canal regulation guarantees that the maximum discharge can be delivered at any time, as for downstream control systems and, moreover, it minimizes the canal dyking...
Canal Automation Using the Electronic Filter Level Offset (EL-FLO) Method
Beginning in 1969, the Bureau of Reclamation began testing and refining an electronic filter level offset (EL-FLO) control system for canal automation. The control system uses a proportional...
Philosophy and Implementation of Gate Stroking
The purpose of this paper is to examine one control method - gate stroking - the philosophy which would lead to its selection and an example of its implementation. Gate stroking provides...
Dynamic Regulation on the Canal De Provence
Dynamic regulation is a remote management, control and monitoring system which is entirely automated and ensures permanent closed-loop control of all water movements and safety devices....
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