Prefabricated Power Plants, Experience and Prospects
This paper presents the prefabrication concept applied to the Greenup (Greenup Locks and Dam, Ohio River, 72 MW, 1982) and the Sydney A. Murray, Jr. (Old River Control Structures, Vidalia,...
Manasan Ice Control Structure Rehabilitation & Bypass Designs
Ice control works built on the Burntwood River at Manasan Falls were damaged during the 1985 spring break-up. The ice boom had broken and the lowered pond level indicated that the rockfill...
Through-Flow Analysis for Rockfill Dam Stability Evaluations
Existing rockfill dams may have spillways that are not adequate to pass the current probable maximum flood (PMF), having been designed prior to the publication of the latest Hydrometeorological...
Frazil Ice Problems and Solutions at Hydro-Power Intakes
Active and passive frazil ice effects on hydroelectric plant intake design and operation are described and references are provided. The most frequently encountered problems and the basic...
Modernization of the Schoolfield Dam Hydroelectric Powerhouse
This case study describes the retrofitting of a turn-of-the-century powerhouse with modern turbine/generator equipment. The structure consists of numerous turbine bays separated by massive...
Rehabilitation of Dams, Spillways, and Hydroplants
Many older dams are in need of rehabilitation as a result of aging, deterioration, and more stringent safety standards. Concerns include deterioration of original construction materials,...
Dewatering Using a Floating Bulkhead Proves Flexible, Reusable and Cost Effective
Going beyond a traditional bulkhead dropped in place with a barge crane or crane hoist, a steel floating bulkhead was conceived to dewater powerplant intakes, gated spillway bays or outlet...
Dillon Hydroelectric Project Performance Versus Expectations
The Dillon Hydroelectric Project was commissioned in 1987. Design and construction are briefly described; plant availability is compared with design expectations; and maintenance costs...
Fish Bypass System Mathematical Models
Mathematical models for fish diversion systems based on fish behavior in conjunction with diversion system structural and hydraulic properties are developed. Guidance efficiency is described...
Turbines and Pump Turbines for Ultra High Heads
The paper describes the turbine development in Norway as background for high head turbine technology and shows a typical Norwegian high head Francis as an example. High head reversible...
History of Lysimeter Design and Use for Evapotranspiration Measurements
Lysimeters are devices for measuring percolation of water through soils and sampling soil water for chemical analyses. Lysimeters have been used for over 300 years to determine water use...
History of Lysimeter Design and Effects of Environmental Disturbances
A brief history of developments in lysimeter design is indicated. Disturbances introduced by the measurement system on the surrounding environment are discussed. The use of weighing lysimeters...
Large, Monolithic, Weighing Lysimeters
Monolithic lysimeters preserve existing vegetation and soil properties that can be destroyed by excavation and filling. Site preparation for constructing large, monolithic lysimeters includes...
Electronic Lysimetry for Hydrologic Studies
Purpose, definition and technology of lysimetry are in constant evolution. The flexure scale used here is a frictionless weighing machine, sturdy and precise. Electronics are necessary...
Lysimeter Studies in Irrigated Soils of South Eastern Australia
The Riverine Plain of south eastern Australia is an extensive, predominantly clay soil area with large surface irrigation schemes. Early lysimeter installations were used to estimate evaporative...
Water Balance Lysimetry at a Nuclear Waste Site
Lysimeters measure effects of soil, vegetation, and climate on water balance and groundwater recharge at a nuclear-waste site in arid-southcentral Washington State, USA. Data from 4 lysimeter...
Small Lysimeters for Documenting Arid Site Water Balance
Small weighing lysimeters consisting of plastic pipes with lifting and drainage fittings were installed at the arid U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) Hanford Site in southcentral Washington...
Lysimeter Techniques and Application in India
Water is the most important resource and limiting factor for crop and industrial production in India, and agriculture is the largest consumer of water. The measurement of evapotranspiration...
Australian Lysimeter Studies of Field Evaporation
Evaporation data are summarised from separate lysimeter installations involving forest, crops and pastures along the 35?S parallel in south-eastern Australia. In each study, lysimeter...
Water Table Lysimeter Data Interpretation
Lysimeters were used to estimate seasonal water use of wet meadows and phreatophytes in northern Utah, southeast Idaho and southwest Wyoming (1983-1990). Twelve water table lysimeters...
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