Advancing Under London
Bored tunnels account for more than 20 percent of the Channel Tunnel Rail Link, the high-speed rail line that will connect the Channel Tunnel with London upon its completion in 2007. In...
Shotcrete for Underground Support VIII
This proceedings contains papers presented at the Eighth International Conference on Shotcrete for Underground Support, which took place in Campos do Jord?o, Brazil, in April 1999. It...
Pushing Back
(Available on in special edition) The design for the $3.5-million Cameron Run tunnel rehabilitation project involved a tricky and relatively unproven method of pushing corrugated steel...
Nailing A Landslide (Available only in the Geo/Environmental Special Issue)
When mud flows in California threatened to stop traffic on a freeway and erode a street from below, Caltrans worked around the clock to stabilize the slope using soil nailing and shotcrete....
Standard Practice for Shotcrete
This manual,
Shotcrete for Underground Support VII
This proceedings consists of papers presented at the Shotcrete for Underground Support VII Conference held in Telfs, Austria, June 11-15, 1995. It covers three broad themes concerning...
Masonry Sewer Rehab
The city of St. Louis is rehabilitating some of the oldest masonry sewers in the country. The ongoing project includes all major types of sewer rehabilitation, including shotcrete, cast-in-place-pipe,...
High Strength Shotcrete and Concrete on the SSC Project
This paper addresses the technical aspects related to the use of high strength shotcrete and concrete on the Superconducting Super Collider (SSC) project. 7,000 psi shotcrete and 8,000...
An Overview of Shotcrete Usage on the SSC
Shotcrete has been widely used on the Superconducting Super Collider for initial support of tunnel excavations in both the strong and weak rock formations encountered. Different types...
Design of Shotcrete Support from the Rock Mechanical Viewpoint
When designing tunnel support the key question is to determine the loading conditions resulting from the deformation of the rock mass during and after excavation. Principle views are given...
Design and Uses of Reinforced Shotcrete in Underground Projects in Canada
The first use of steel fibre reinforced shotcrete (SFRS) in Canada was using the wet-mix process in the support of deteriorated ground in 80 year old railway tunnels in the Fraser Canyon,...
High-Grade Concrete for the Single Permanent Shotcrete Lining Method
With the single permanent shotcrete lining method in underground construction in rock, a shotcrete layer placed subsequently to the application of the supporting shotcrete replaces the...
Design and Application of Integrated Shotcrete Linings for Underground Openings in Weak Rock Masses
Tunnels and caverns excavated in weak rock masses require special consideration in terms of shotcrete lining design. Shotcrete as a support medium for weak rock provides major benefits...
Reduction of Head Losses in Tunnels by Means of Shotcrete
Head losses in blasted rock tunnels conveying water to hydropower stations often significantly reduces the energy production in the plant. Typical values on the head losses in tunnels...
Guidelines for Shotcrete Support in Hard Rock
The writer is working on a handbook on shotcrete in hard rock. The work is sponsored by the Swedish Power Board, Development Division. The main contents are: Choice of shotcrete support...
Technical Note: STC-40 Shotcrete Adhesion In Situ Tester
It is essential that the shotcrete when reinforcing the rock mass achieves a good adhesive bond to the rock surface. The strength of that bond can be controlled by pull out testing either...
Development of Mechanized Wet Mix Shotcrete Application in Norwegian Tunnelling Industry
From 1971 to 1980 wet mix shotcrete won the Norwegian market 100%. In the same period hand held spraying was replaced by hydraulic manipulators. From 1980 to 1986, steel fibre use increased...
Wet Mix Shotcrete Used in Subsea Tunnel Environments
To reject the claim that the use of accelerator in shotcrete reduces the compressive strength with time, lately cored samples were taken from an 18 to 19 years old concrete. A wet mixed...
Guidelines for Shotcreting and Current Development in the Wet-Mix Technique in Finland
Guidelines for shotcreting were written based on the literature survey and shotcreting trials. During shotcreting trials existing Norwegian and Middle-European wet-mix shotcreting concepts...
Austrian Guideline and National Report on the Use of Shotcrete
The purpose of this guideline is the standardization of quality and a uniform procedure for the production and testing of shotcrete from the technical and engineering point of view. In...
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