Design of Navigational Structures for Ice Forces
An overview of ice conditions and the types of ice action that are hazardous to navigational structures is presented. Depending on the circumstances, ice failure against structures occurs...
Design of Submerged and Floating Structures
The objective of this paper is to present an overview of the state-of-the-art of ice engineering as applied to submerged and floating structures. Five specific design studies are reviewed,...
Methods of Ice Control
Ice control is the practice of holding ice in place or directing its growth and movement. Methods of ice control in navigable waters including locks are presented. Ice carried downstream...
Frost Inducing Slides on Membrane-Lined Canal Slopes
Freezing beneath a polyvinyl chloride membrane lining caused water in the subgrade soil voids to migrate upward and to form thin ice lenses under the lining. During a spell of warm weather,...
Ice and Snow Utilization in Cold Regions Construction
An overview of requirements is presented for the planning, design, and construction of roads, pads, and airfields using water, ice and snow as construction materials. Practical guidelines...
Oil Rigs Designed to Combat Arctic Ice
Exploration and drilling rigs now being designed for use in the Beaufort Sea must withstand ice forces never before encountered. Design approaches include using the geometry of these structures...
Flood Consideration for Sanitary Structures
An approach is presented to determine the design basis flood for Sanitary Structures and means to protect them. Flood and flood frequency are defined. Principal classes of flood are evaluated...
Winter Roads and Ice Bridges
In order to realize development of the La Grande hydroelectric complex in the James Bay Territory of northern Quebec Province, Canada, the cold weather had to be capitalized on for construction...
Mammoth Prefab Modules Speed Alaskan Oil
Accomplished in conjunction with construction of the Trans-Alaska Pipeline were the mammoth prefabricated modules erected at Prudhoe Bay on the North Slope oil fields; purpose is oil and...
Anchorage Port Survives Nature
Engineering at the Port of Anchorage was complicated by severe ice conditions, extreme tides, a current up to 5 knots which carries a severe ice floe, and poor foundation conditions at...
Frost Heaves�� A Major Dilemma for Ice Arenas
The ice sheets of three arenas in Minneapolis-St. Paul have had frost heaves ranging from seven to eleven inches (0.2 to 0.3 m). Proper design should prevent frost from penetrating the...
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