Environmental Permitting Approaches for Future Development of Offshore Oil Fields in the Arctic
Environmental impact of petroleum prospecting on the North Slope of Alaska is complicated by climatic problems of long periods of low temperature and thick ocean ice. Better engineering...
Probabilistic Description of Ice Forces on an Offshore Arctic Structure
A probabilistic simulation model has been developed to describe the frequency and outcome of multi-year ice floe encounters with a fixed offshore structure located in the Beaufort Sea,...
Utilizing Design Events Within Risk-Based Design
Design load selection based on the return period of an environmental event is not possible when the event is described by more than one parameter. Risk analysis can be used to associate...
Selection of Environmental Design Criteria for Arctic Structures
Where data are insufficient for calculation of extremes using probability theory, design criteria may be reasonable defined by combining available data, knowledge of physical processes...
Probabilistic Approaches to Arctic Offshore Engineering
The arctic offshore environment poses challenges in design, site construction, and operation that range from the problems associated with large ice forces, to those of short open-water...
Probabilistic Design of Gravity Foundations for Arctic Offshore Structures
The use of the probabilistic simulation technique to estimate the variability of the resistance and the ice load on arctic gravity structures is illustrated in order to assess the safety...
Route Thaw Settlement: A Probabilistic Evaluation
A methodology is outlined for assessing potential differential thaw settlement effects on structures due to permafrost degradation along transportation routes in the offshore, nearshore,...
Creep Properties of Ice: Theory and Experiment
In recent years, intensive developments in Northern regions have increased the demand for solutions to a large number of engineering problems involving ice mechanics. In particular, these...
The Calculation of Ice Forces on Arctic Structures
Results of tests conducted to determine the relationship between uniaxial compressive strength of ice and crushing force are presented. A plot of normalized uniaxial compressive strength...
Triaxial Compression Testing of Ice
An understanding of the confined compressive strength of ice is needed to develop constitutive equations and failure criteria for analytical ice-structure interaction models. Procedures...
Centrifugal Modeling of Ice Forces on Single Piles
The ice forces and ice floe failure mechanisms associated with an ice sheet surrounding a vertical cylindrical pile were evaluated. A test system was developed to model ice forces in gravity...
SHADS: Mobile Arctic Drilling Platform
To minimize costs of Beaufort Sea exploration programs, the industry needed a mobile arctic drilling structure that requires little or no site preparation, does not require an active ice...
Santa Fe's Mobile Arctic Drilling Barge
There is a need for mobile units that can operate year-round in shallow Alaskan waters south of the Bering Strait for exploratory drilling and/or early production. Santa Fe has completed...
Arctic Earth Materials for Offshore Construction in Alaska
With the exploration activities onshore and offshore and the development of production facilities, the need for granular earth materials on the North Slope of Alaska is ever present. The...
Constructibility of Arctic Offshore Structures
The costs of structures designed for Arctic Offshore Drilling and Production Platforms have reached extreme levels. A major component of the costs of such structures is their constructibility....
Offshore Seawater Intake in the Arctic
Waterflood has become a proven technique for enhancing oil recovery from oil producing reservoirs. At Arctic north slope areas, seawater has been used successfully for such operations....
Shear Strength in the Zone of Freezing in Saline Soils
The design of artificial islands and other geotechnical structures to support arctic offshore petroleum resource development requires considerable knowledge of the strength of frozen saline...
Endochronic Constitutive Modeling of Frozen Soil
The static behavior of a permafrost type foundation, for a typical artificial island in the Arctic, is determined using endochronic axisymmetric finite element analysis. Endochronic constants...
Ice as a Construction Material in the Offshore Arctic
Ice is the most available and abundant material in the offshore Arctic, and it is therefore one of the most cost-effective construction materials. Over the past decade, ice has been used...
Failure Modes in Concrete Structures Due to Ice Load
Analytical methods are described for predicting local behavior of deepwater concrete structures subjected to short duration loading from floating ice. Overall analytical approaches such...
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