A Critique of Arctic Marine Site Investigation Techniques
Arctic marine site investigations have evolved from the need by oil companies to operate in offshore areas beyond the ice shear zone. An overview of the site investigation organization...
Electrical Resistivity Techniques for Offshore Arctic Geotechnical Engineering Applications
The electrical resistivity of an arctic marine soil depends on the porosity, pore water salinity, grain size and shape, clay content, and degree of ice-bonding of the soil. Therefore,...
NPDES Permits for Accelerated Oil & Gas Development
Section 402 of the Clean Water Act (CWA) requires the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) to develop National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System (NPDES) permits for waste discharges...
Environmental Permitting Approaches for Future Development of Offshore Oil Fields in the Arctic
Environmental impact of petroleum prospecting on the North Slope of Alaska is complicated by climatic problems of long periods of low temperature and thick ocean ice. Better engineering...
Probabilistic Approaches to Arctic Offshore Engineering
The arctic offshore environment poses challenges in design, site construction, and operation that range from the problems associated with large ice forces, to those of short open-water...
Pioneering Developments in Arctic Dredging
Arctic dredging techniques which have been recently implemented in the Arctic include: the successful hydraulic suction dredging of frozen sands and gravels, the first direct placement...
Arctic Earth Materials for Offshore Construction in Alaska
With the exploration activities onshore and offshore and the development of production facilities, the need for granular earth materials on the North Slope of Alaska is ever present. The...
Constructibility of Arctic Offshore Structures
The costs of structures designed for Arctic Offshore Drilling and Production Platforms have reached extreme levels. A major component of the costs of such structures is their constructibility....
Offshore Seawater Intake in the Arctic
Waterflood has become a proven technique for enhancing oil recovery from oil producing reservoirs. At Arctic north slope areas, seawater has been used successfully for such operations....
Geotechnical Thermal Analysis with a Microcomputer
A computer program entitled TDHC (Two-Dimensional Heat Conduction), based on finite element modelling, is capable of solving two-dimensional nonsteady-state heat conduction problems. These...
Ice as a Construction Material in the Offshore Arctic
Ice is the most available and abundant material in the offshore Arctic, and it is therefore one of the most cost-effective construction materials. Over the past decade, ice has been used...
Fatigue Damage for Reinforced Concrete Offshore Structures
When concrete structures are subjected to fatigue loading - resulting from ice or wave loads - progressive damage occurs with increasing number of cycles. Nonlinear damage evolution equation...
Microsilica Concrete: Properties and Applications
With the advent of microsilica concrete, a new generation of high to ultra high strength and high durability concretes have become commercially feasible and are now being specified and...
Asphalt Revetments for Slope Protection in the Arctic
Experience in the Netherlands demonstrates that slope protection of coastal embankments subjected to heavy wave action can be accomplished with lining systems made of mixtures of asphalt...
Technical Considerations for Beaufort Sea Pipelines
The development of Beaufort Sea fields requires construction methods and equipment for pipeline installation and trenching providing a balance between safety, reliability, and economy....
Directional Drilling to Install Arctic Marine Pipelines
Directional drilling for offshore Arctic pipeline construction offers essentially year-round construction performance capability. The most readily acknowledged alternate candidate construction...
Pipeline Landfall Construction by Horizontal Drilling
The segment of an offshore pipeline where the transition is made from standard offshore laying procedures to standard on land laying procedures represents a difficult and costly construction...
Orthophotoquad Mapping Program for Alaska
The U. S. Geological Survey (USGS) is the lead civilian mapping agency in the United States and is responsible for creating and maintaining numerous map series. In Alaska the standard...
An HF CODAR Doppler Transponder System
Gulf Oil Exploration and Production Company completed two major phases in the development of a high frequency (HF) CODAR Doppler transponder system for measuring sea ice motion. The system...
North Sea Technology Transfer to the Bering Sea
Concrete platforms in the North Sea are reviewed, including technological considerations and economic factors involved in their selection and application. The applicability of this technology...
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