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Methane Tracer Technique for Gas Transfer at Hydraulic Structures
Using a simple headspace gas chromatographic technique, gas transfer at several hydraulic structures were investigated. Naturally occurring methane was used as a tracer gas to measure...

Measurement of Reaeration Coefficient with the Soluble Solids Probe
The results of analytical and experimental studies are presented, showing that the proposed method for indirect determination of gas transfer coefficients at gas-liquid interfaces, based...

Gas Transfer Velocities and Radar Backscatter from the Water Surface
Gas transfer velocities of sulfur hexafluoride, methane, and nitrous oxide were determined in two different wind-wave tanks and related to friction velocity and radar backscatter from...

A Gas Chromatographic Protocol for the Measurement of Krypton Gas in Water
This paper presents the results of a study to investigate the feasibility of using a gas chromatographic (GC) technique for the measurement of non-radioactive krypton gas concentrations...

Measurement of Stream Reaeration Rate Coefficients Using Propane Gas
Three determinations of the reaeration rate coefficient, K₂, were made on a 1185-m reach of the upper Assabet River in Westborough and Northborough,...

Dissolved Oxygen and Woody Debris: Detecting Sensitive Forest Streams
Early watershed studies showed that timber harvesting and yarding could depress dissolved oxygen in nearby streams when fresh slash entered streams and streamside shade was reduced. State...

Gas Transfer Measurements on an Ice-Covered River
Wasteload allocation for existing and proposed pulp mills in the Athabasca River Basin of northern Alberta, Canada, necessitated measurement of the atmospheric reaeration rate, K₂,...

Characteristics of Low-Slope Streams that Affect O₂ Transfer Rates
Multiple-regression techniques were used to derive the reaeration coefficients estimating equation for low sloped streams: K₂ = 3.83 MBAS^-0.41...

Development of an Expert System for Estimating Stream Reaeration Rates
This paper describes a data base of measured reaeration coefficients organized to assist users with estimating coefficients for rivers and streams with hydraulic characteristics similar...

Rainfall-Reaeration Effects
The effect of rainfall intensity on reaeration has not been adequately reported in the literature. It is clear that rainfall causes surface turbulence and increases reaeration, and a significant...

Volatilization of PCBs From the Great Lakes
The potential volatilization of polychlorobiphenyls (PCBs) and other semi-volatile organic chemicals (SOCs) from Lake Superior and Green Bay, Lake Michigan, is being investigated. The...

Carbon Dioxide Pressure in Surface Waters of Canadian Lakes
Direct measurements of the partial pressure (pCO₂) of carbon dioxide were made in lakes of three study areas: ELA (the Experimental Lakes Area) and...

Epilimnetic Dissolved Oxygen Content and Surface Water Pump Performance
Surface water pumps have been operated and monitored at TVA's Douglas Dam since 1987. The purpose of these pumps is to improve the dissolved oxygen (DO) content of the hydropower...

Gas Transfer Velocities on Lakes Measured with Sulfur Hexafluoride
Gas transfer velocities have been determined on five lakes ranging in size from 0.13 km² to 450 km² using...

Gas Transfer at Hydraulic Structures
The objective of this paper is to identify and briefly summarize the state-of-the-art in measuring and describing gas transfer at hydraulic structures. Basic theory of mass transfer at...

Oxygen Transfer in Turbulent Shear Flows
Oxygen transfer equation for the air-water two-phase aeration region of turbulent shear flow in a vertical pipe is derived. Dimensionless variables significant in characterizing the transfer...

Technology Development for Auto-Venting Turbines
Experimentation with venting air into the hydroturbines at Norris Dam has convinced the Tennessee Valley Authority (TVA) that this is a viable method for increasing dissolved oxygen (DO)...

A Simple Empirical Model of Aeration at Navigation Dams
In a study of aeration at 28 dams in the upper Ohio River basin, site-specific least-squares linear regression models were used to describe the dissolved oxygen deficit below each dam...

Oxygen Transfer at Spillways
A relationship for oxygen transfer efficiency, E, at spillways and gated spillways with a hydraulic jump or plunge pool, has been developed from conceptual considerations and fit to measurements...

Correlation of Fractional Foam Coverage with Gas Transport Rates
Because breaking waves are believed to increase the flux of gases across the air/sea interface, it may be possible to correlate air/sea gas transport velocities with whitecap coverage....

 

 

 

 

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