A Modified Adjoint Method for Inverse Eddy Viscosity Estimation for Use in Coastal Circulation Models
The adjoint method is used to develop an objective analysis technique for estimating the vertical eddy viscosity used in three dimensional oceanic models. A cost functional which consists...
A Predictive Model of the Currents in Cleveland Bay
A two-dimensional (depth-averaged) numerical model is proposed to describe the hydrodynamics of Cleveland Bay and is used to investigate the water circulation within the Bay. By utilizing...
Pollutant Transport Modelling in Large River Plumes
The Niagara River plume in Lake Ontario and the Fraser River plume in the Strait of Georgia are of similar spatial dimensions, and arise from rivers with comparable discharge. Both rivers...
Innovative Reregulation Weirs
Since their construction, hydropower dams have generated more than just power for the Tennessee Valley Authority, they also generated concerns about their effects on river flow and aquatic...
Grouting Against Hazwaste
Grouting has only recently entered the hazardous-waste arena, mainly in the form of positive cutoff slurry walls. At an industrial landfill near Niagara Falls, N.Y., a three sided, single-line...
Better Cover-Ups
Designing the final cover for a solid waste landfill or remediation site is often trickier than designing its lining because a cover will undergo more unpredictable stress and distress...
Green Architecture: Designing an Ecologically Sound Dwelling
Green architecture has evolved in many places with various names such as natural, healthy, ecological, organic, biological, harmonic, sacred, holistic, etc. The general focus of Modern...
Customer Requirements in Industrialized Housing
Residential construction efforts in the U.S. are highly fragmented, and this has slowed the application of new technologies. While there has been an increase in the use of manufactured...
Earthquake Considerations in Earth Dam Design
In 1963, the writer was engaged by the State of California Department of Water Resources to make a study of the influence of the hazard of earthquakes on the design of embankment type...
Piping in Earth Dams of Dispersive Clay (Paper introduced by Norman L. Ryker)
In 1971 Jim Sherard was engaged to investigate the common failure of a group of Soil Conservation Service (SCS) floodwater retarding earthfill dams built between 1957 and 1970, eleven...
Transportation Planning Requirements of the Federal Clean Air Act Amendments (CAAAs) of 1990: A Highway Perspective
The transportation community faces many challenges ahead, as it tries to meet the Nation's mobility needs, reduce congestion levels, and improve air quality. Traffic congestion is increasing...
Opportunities for Improved Transportation Planning
The approaches, technical procedures, and analytical methodologies utilized for urban transportation planning need to be improved if the intent of the 1990 amendments to the Clean Air...
Delaware Valley Regional Planning Commission's Anticipated Response to the Clean Air Act Amendments of 1990
By virtue of its charter to provide continuing, cooperative and comprehensive planning, the Delaware Valley Regional Planning Commission (DVRPC) has a commitment to adopt and maintain...
San Francisco Bay Area's Experience Developing Transportation Control Measures for Air Quality Plans
The San Francisco Bay Area has included Transportation Control Measures (TCMs) in air quality planning efforts since the early 1970s. Growing concern for traffic congestion has enhanced...
The Clean Air Act: Opportunities for the Transit Industry
The 1990 Federal Clean Air Act Amendments (CAAA) have opened up new opportunities for transit agencies, especially those in large urban areas with the worst air pollution problems. The...
Arizona's Metropolitan Travel Reduction Programs
This paper documents the short-term response to Arizona's metropolitan travel reduction programs. The Phoenix (Maricopa County) and Tucson (Pima County) programs were initiated in 1988....
Effectiveness of Implemented HOV Lane System
Individual carpool lanes have proven their worth on a case by case basis. Now, in California and across the country, systems of HOV lanes are being planned for urban areas dealing with...
Land Use, Transportation and Air Quality Relationships
Increasing land development densities and reducing suburban sprawl is frequently considered as a tool to reduce vehicle miles of travel and resultant air pollution emissions. Two studies...
Estimation of Travel Related Inputs to Air Quality Models
A major contribution to air pollution is vehicular travel, i.e., mobile sources. The estimation of pollutant emissions due to vehicular travel is a major task of air quality modeling....
VMT for Air Quality Purposes
This paper addresses VMT as one of the important parameters in air quality analysis. It covers three main topics: (1) The context in which VMT should be viewed as one parameter for measuring...
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