Integrated Software for Transportation Emissions Analysis
As the air pollution problem in the major metropolitan areas of the United States has increased, new interest has emerged for greater accuracy in the estimation of emissions from mobile...
Travel Markets: An Approach to TCM Effectiveness Evaluation
This discussion paper describes a new approach to TCM evaluation using a travel market concept to classify trip types based on expected elasticities to various TCMs. Conventional trip...
GIS for Transportation and Air Quality Analysis
Geographic Information Systems (GIS) promise significant potential to manage complex spatial data often required to address transportation and air quality analysis problems. However, this...
Evaluating the Effectiveness of Transportation Control Measures for San Luis Obispo County, California
The San Luis Obispo Air Pollution Control District has developed simple techniques to estimate emission reductions from various Transportation Control Measures. Accurate emission estimates...
Laboratory Tests of Modal Emissions and Off-Cycle Corrections to FTP-75
The modeling of emissions from on-road mobile sources is an on-going process. Two broad topics which are currently under study are the evaluation of driving cycles and the development...
In-Use Emissions with Today's Closed-Loop Systems
Closed-loop emission control systems were adopted by most motor vehicle manufacturers on a wide-spread basis in model year 1981, in order to meet the 1981 and later Federal exhaust emission...
Characteristics of MOBILE4 and EMFAC7E Models
Several recent studies (e.g., Lawson et al., 1990; Ingalls, 1989) have indicated that the EPA and ARB vehicle emission factor models MOBILE4 and EMFAC7E underpredict in-use vehicle emission...
Intersection Air Quality Analysis
Methods of carbon monoxide concentration estimation at or near intersections have recently undergone scrutiny with resulting debate on the proper and accurate ways to make these estimates...
Modeling Guideline for Air Quality Analysis of Intersections
Model evaluations have been performed testing eight different models for the ability to estimate carbon monoxide near intersections. These evaluation results along with the need for updated...
Developing Protocols for Motor Vehicle Air Quality Modeling
This paper is directed to air quality analysts. It examines the issues surrounding a modeling protocol and how to work effectively with a traffic engineer on a project to model carbon...
Integrating Traffic and Air Quality Modeling Techniques to Predict Pollutant Concentrations Near Intersections
Many cities are considering transportation management measures and/or tailpipe emission controls to reduce the pollution associated with traffic congestion. A major difficulty is the expensive...
The Effectiveness of Telecommuting as a Transportation Control Measure
This paper examines the potential of telecommuting as a strategy for managing travel demand. In particular, the paper focuses on the travel and air quality implications of telecommuting....
Risk Analysis in Water Resources Engineering: Development and Application
Traditional engineering approaches for evaluating safety and performance in technical projects are usually based on conceptual modeling and the application of engineering standards. Risk...
The General Theory of Quantitative Risk Assessment
From the many individual applications of quantitative risk assessment (QRA) that have been made in various fields, this paper abstracts and lifts out the concise, simple, and elegant cluster...
Risk Assessment or Engineering Standards: Toward a Decision Framework
The Army Corps of Engineers (ACE) publishes manuals, some of which include rules to be followed in the planning of a water resources project. Some of their other manuals simply suggest...
Climatic Change and Ensuing Risks Facing Water Resources Managers
Global climatic changes will have a significant effect on the utilization of regional water resources and will influence markedly the operation and management of water storage and delivery...
Responding to Public Opinion About Cumulative Long-Term Risks: Analysis and Communication of Risks from Climate Change and Hazardous Waste Sites
Public reactions to cumulative, uncertain, and long-term (CULT) risks pose particular problems to risk communicators. Low-magnitude and low-probability risks (e.g., living next to a hazardous...
Integrated Assessment of Environmental Risk and Human Response
Meaningful risk assessment for environmental problems requires an integrated consideration of physical science and human behavioral issues. This is particularly true when dissaggregate...
Quantitative Risk Assessment and Technology Transfer: Software Developments
A risk-based adaptation of the hydroeconomic model for estimating the expected annual damages of floods is presented in a spreadsheet environment. The model demonstrates how commercially...
Overview of AWARE: A Software Tool for Balancing Power and Nonpower Values in Water Resource Planning
Decision Focus Incorporated has developed a software tool for the Electric Power Research Institute to help utilities and other water resource planners examine the social trade-offs between...
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