Pipeline Storm Behavior on Clay Soils
A series of transverse wave loading tests was conducted on a specially mounted section of pipe in a sediment-filled tank, to investigate the stability of unburied submarine pipelines under...
Effects of Freezing on Impact Properties of RTM Composites, and Their Applications in Offshore Structures
Resin transfer molding is rapidly being acknowledged as the process with potential to create perhaps the purest form of a composite material as representative of the concept of `material-by-design.'...
Ocean Energy Recovery
the State of the Art
This book,
MUT1D: User-Friendly One-Dimensional Thermal Model
MUT1D is a microcomputer-based heat conduction model which uses implicit finite difference techniques to determine the thermal regime and track the movement of the phase change front in...
Soil-Pipe Interaction During Frost Heaving Around a Buried Chilled Pipeline
The freezing of soil water around a buried chilled pipeline leads to soil heaving, which is affected by the presence of the pipe. This process may eventually cause pipeline failure. The...
Thermal Strain Behaviour of Clays Cooled to Cryogenic Temperatures
The thermal expansion behaviour of two different types of clays (Boom clay from Belgium and a pure kaolinite-water paste) has been studied in a temperature range from +20? to -150?C (LNG...
Single Pile and Pile Group in Permafrost
The results of laboratory and field experiments on single pile and pile group behaviour in frozen soils are reported. It was shown that the character of soil deformation was influenced...
The Effect of Loading Rate on the Bending Strength of Alluvium Reinforced Ice
Traditional building materials are often less than ideal for construction in remote Arctic locations. Their mechanical properties may be degraded in extreme cold, and costs associated...
Designing for Control of Ice Conditions in Marinas
Each marina or small-craft harbor experiencing ice during the winter months must be designed for site specific conditions. These conditions are governed by environmental factors (geology,...
Small-Scale Meteorology of Freezing Precipitation
Freezing rain and glazing are extremely disruptive to transportation, communication and power transmission. Local variations in the occurrence of freezing rain may be difficult to forecast....
On the Constitutive Behavior of Single Ice Crystals Due to Dislocation Mechanisms
A three-dimensional constitutive relation is derived for single ice crystals. The formulation is developed in terms of dislocation processes on the basal, prism, and pyramidal planes....
Anelastic Straining in Polycrystalline Ice
This paper presents experimental observations on the influence of stress, grain size and total strain level on the magnitude of anelastic strain in granular freshwater ice. Cyclic loading...
Microstructure and Mechanical Behaviour of Ice
Short descriptions are given for ice in nature, test methods used to evaluate their deformation behaviour and, a general microstructure-based constitutive equation. Equations suitable...
Preliminary Results of Direct Tension Tests on First-Year Sea Ice Samples
We present the initial results of our tests to determine the tensile behavior of columnar sea ice over a range of temperatures extending from -20 to -3?C and strain rates of 10-5...
Fracture Resistance to Cracking in Ice: Initiation and Growth
The issue of notch sensitivity and brittleness of the test failure is used to forecast the necessary specimen size for a material property initiation toughness; a methodology is developed...
Effective Pressures Measured During Indentation Tests in Freshwater Ice
Indentation tests were conducted by pushing flat, vertical indentors of two different widths (50 and 100 mm) against the edges of floating, freshwater ice at different velocities (0.6-150...
Snow Fence Operational and Material Testing
The proliferation of snow fence products since the late 1970's presents an opportunity for optimizing the control of drifting snow. It also presents a challenge in discriminating...
Earth Walls: Making the Right Choice
Earth walls are retaining walls where the ground assumes a load-bearing role. These walls either support compacted earth (embankment-type reinforced compacted earth walls such as Doublewal...
Exploring CO2 Emissions Reduction Strategies
Concern for potential climate change resulting from the greenhouse effect may be the biggest factor in energy planning in the 1990s. A 20% reduction in CO2,...
Electric Utility Planning for Greenhouse Concerns
International concerns for the potential of significant climate change resulting from the greenhouse phenomenon have focused increasing attention on the emissions of carbon dioxide and...
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