The Cause of the Johnstown Flood
The Johnstown flood occurred in 1889, when an earth and rock dam failed during a record rainfall in eastern Pennsylvania. The flood was one of the worst civil disasters in the U.S.; 2,200...
Current Issues in Asbestos Removal
Asbestos is responsible for more worker deaths than any other substance used in the construction industry. This fact has prompted major regulatory changes during the past fifteen years....
Effects of Oil Spills on Water Retention in Sandy Soils
This paper concerns the relationships between water and oil saturations in sandy soils. Special attention is given to an environment similar to the groundwater table and the capillary...
Preliminary Results of the Department of the Interior's Irrigation Drainage Studies
The Department of the Interior, in 1986, began irrigation drainage studies in nine areas in seven Western states to determine whether irrigation drainage has caused or has the potential...
Trace Elements and Pesticides in Salton Sea Area, California
Concentrations of numerous potentially toxic trace elements and pesticides were determined in water, sediment, and biota from the Salton Sea area in southestern California. Comparison...
Alternatives to the Precommensuration of Costs, Benefits, Risks, and Time
The thesis advanced in this paper is that benefit-cost analysis, the present-value-of-cost (and benefit) approach, and the expected value of damage as a measure of risk all share a faulty...
Dam Safety, Yes.; But What About Safety at Dams?
Design and construction of safe structures are the professional obligations of hydraulic engineers. However, there are environmental dangers with safe structures which engineers often...
Response of Advanced Composite Space Materials to Thermal Cycling
In addition to microgravity and lack of atmosphere, the space environment provides intense radiation of both penetrating and nonpenetrating types. This paper focuses on the cyclic radiational...
Non-Ionizing Radiation Exposure in Space Activities
Non-ionizing radiation exposure has received considerable attention over the past few years due to the potential health hazards involved. Different limits have been set with no international...
Surgery in the Microgravity Environment
As man becomes more active in space, the possibility of major medical emergencies requiring surgical procedures will increase. Surgery in the microgravity environment involves many challenges...
Highway Injuries: Our Major Health Problem
Injuries are the leading cause of death in the United States from early childhood until about age 45. Motor vehicles kill more Americans age 1 to 34 than any other source of injury or...
Environmental Health Programs of the USEPA
The major programs of the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) designed to reduce risk to public health are summarized with emphasis on their content, funding and effectiveness in...
Railroad Safety Programs and Effectiveness
Safety in the railroad industry has been a matter of concern to employees, officers, federal agencies and the general public since railroads came into being. This paper summarizes the...
Conflicts: The Common Denominator of Health/Safety Programs
Constraints on time and resources influences the public sector as strongly as our personal lives. Experience teaches us that our desires must be tempered with hard realities. Finite resources...
Allocating Public Funds: Morality and Constraints
The highway safety engineer is continually faced with the trade-off between expenditures for highway safety improvements and reductions in highway fatalities, injuries, and property damage...
Safety Spending: Usually Begrudged, Often Misallocated
The author reviews the engineering decisions and statistical and other measures of project success in the use of Federal and state funds for roadside safety work in the Federal-aid Hazard...
Benefit-Cost Analysis: Past and Future Directions
As implemented at the State level, highway resource allocation models fail to consider the travel time delay and crashes that result from construction. They use the economic costs of crashes...
Highway Safety; Moving from Fantasy to Reality
An assessment of the effects of highway safety program on the reduction of traffic accidents is made. The annual traffic death rate is currently 47,900. The paper discusses whether present...
Plans and Programming for Highway Safety to the Year 2010
Many factors have contributed to improvement in highway safety including more crashworthy vehicle design, increased usage of occupant restraints, growing public intolerance of DWI, and...
Zapping Hazwastes
Electromagnetic energy, applied in situ, successfully removes contaminants entrapped in soil by vaporizing them. Recent test using radio frequency have successfully removed up to 99% of...
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