Operational Procedures for Estimating Bottom Exchange Rates
After briefly reviewing the terminology of the various bottom and water column exchange fluxes, the body of this paper summarizes five possible procedures for establishing operational...
Turbulence and Reynolds Stress Distribution in a Natural River
Turbulence characteristics of ambient flow velocities and their comparison with those generated by the movement of barge traffic within the channel border area in a navigation waterway...
Hydrodynamics and Mass Transfer in a Jet-Agitated Vessel
Experiments of carbon dioxide absorption in water have been carried out in a turbulent vessel presenting a zero mean shear stress value at the gas-liquid interface. Liquid-phase turbulence...
Properties of Small-Scale Waves in Sheared Gas-Liquid Flows
Small wind-generated waves are examined theoretically and experimentally in a small laboratory flow system, at conditions close to neutral stability in an attempt to better characterize...
Oxygen Transfer in Turbulent Shear Flows
Oxygen transfer equation for the air-water two-phase aeration region of turbulent shear flow in a vertical pipe is derived. Dimensionless variables significant in characterizing the transfer...
Wavelets and Air-Sea Transfer
Newly acquired insight into the mechanism of air-sea momentum transfer has also resolved some long-standing questions on air-sea transfer of gases of low diffusivity. Sharp-crested wavelets...
Quake-Safe Housing, Again
Because so little data exist about earthquake behavior of buildings that have been strengthened to meet seismic codes, many engineers are curious about the Hotel Oakland in California...
Accuracy and Resolution of Surface Wave Inversion
Shear wave velocity profiles of soils and pavements may be evaluated nondestructively using surface wave tests such as the Spectral Analysis of Surface Waves (SASW) method. In these tests,...
Use of Bender Elements in Soil Dynamics Experiments
Transducers employing piezoelectric bender elements have been found to be versatile sources and receivers of small-amplitude shear waves, with multiple potential applications. The constitutive...
Multi-Directional Wave Velocity by Piezoelectric Crystals
Piezoelectric ceramics are successfully used to measure velocities of waves propagating through a dry granular material assembly. Several directional shear and compression waves are measured...
Use of Piezoceramic Bender Elements in Soil Dynamics Testing
The use of piezoceramic bender elements is described to measure small strain, shear wave velocity distributions in soil models used in centrifuge and shake table testing. Experimental...
Plastic Highway Bridges
For highway bridges, composites are most effective in cables and decks. Researchers have developed and tested cables and deck sections for strength and fatigue resistance. Link-type cables...
Seismic Hazard Along a Crude Oil Pipeline in the Event of an 1811-1812 Type New Madrid Earthquake
This paper presents an assessment of the seismic hazard that exists along a major crude oil pipeline (pipeline 22). An 1811-1812 type New Madrid earthquake with moment magnitude 8.2 is...
Restrained Underground Piping?Some Practical Aspects of Analysis and Design
This paper is a brief update of stress analysis techniques published earlier [1] to aid the analyst in qualifying continuous welded steel buried pipelines that are subject to seismic soil...
Seismic Analysis and Design of Buried Piping
Among the causes of damage to buried pipelines due to earthquakes, the one that is most complicated to analytically deal with and that is most credible at safety related sites such as...
Finite Element Analysis of Three-Way Joint of Buried Pipelines Under Earthquake Loads
A quasi-static finite element procedure for the stress analysis of three-way joint of buried pipelines under earthquake loads has been established by quasi-conforming thin circular cylindrical...
Evaluation of Earthquake Resistance of Buried Continuous Pipelines at Bent Parts
Small diameter pipelines are susceptible to damage at bends due to large seismic ground displacements. The 'Deformability Index' is defined as the earthquake...
Seismic Hazard Analysis of Buried Pipeline for Design
This paper concerns mainly the following three items on seismic hazard analysis of buried pipeline for design: (1) effects of pipeline length on risk, (2) effects of local site conditions...
Philosophy for Treatment of High-Pressure Natural Gas Pipelines at Active Fault Crossings
Natural gas from fields in the overthrust belt of southwest Wyoming will be collected and transported to Southern California. The proposed Kern River Pipeline will transport gas to Daggett,...
Seismic Hazard Analysis of Buried Pipeline for Design
This paper concerns mainly the following three items on seismic hazard analysis of buried pipeline for design: (1) effects of pipeline length on risk, (2) effects of local site conditions...
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