The Plight of State Legislation Mandating Building Codes in South Carolina
Since 1968, counties in South Carolina have exercised their individual option to adopt and enforce building codes. Prior to Hurricane Hugo on September 21, 1989, 17 of the 46 counties...
The Facts About Hurricane Hugo - What It Was, What It Wasn't and Why It Caused So Much Damage
This paper summarizes the information presented at a public forum in Charleston, SC on September 15, 1990. Wind and surge conditions are described, the extent of damage to buildings and...
CZMA Consistency Opinions: An Undiscovered Body of Law
The Coastal Zone Management Act allows states to block the issuance of Federal licenses and permits if the permitted activity would be inconsistent with the state's Federally...
The Public Trust Doctrine and Coastal Zone Management: Towards a Model Policy
The Public Trust Doctrine has long been a tenet of American property law and has been utilized to varying degrees in coastal zone management by individual States. Renewed attention to...
Citizen Participation in Regional Planning Efforts
During the past 4 decades the formal role of citizens has become increasingly more apparent under changing legislative mandates. This paper examines citizen participation in developing...
Beach Politics?The Importance of Informed, Local Support for Beach Restoration Projects
The increasing utilization of our coastal areas by people and the development attendant to it have resulted in attempts to maintain or stabilize shorelines. In this paper the author emphasizes...
Public Involvement in Coastal Planning?The Long Beach Experience
A land use plan is often the creation of a professional planning staff prepared in response to the direction of public officials. When the City of Long Beach, California, was required...
Regional Monitoring in Southern California
Increasing concern about larger-scale, longer-term, and cumulative environmental effects has outstripped the ability of traditional point-source monitoring programs to provide useful information....
Remote Sensing and the Coastal Management in Brazil
This paper intends to demonstrate the possibility of employing remote sensing techniques in the Brazilian Coastal Management Program (Programa Brasileiro de Gerenciamento Costeiro). It...
Pumping In and Pumping Out: Case Histories of Fluidized Sand Bypassing for Channels and Beachface Dewatering for Beaches
New technologies can change management of sand in coastal areas. Fluidization, pumping in additional water beyond the quicksand point, makes a 50:50 sand-water slurry that will flow down...
Case Study: Downdrift Benefits Four Miles and Six Years from a Gravelly Beach Nourishment on Lake Michigan
A Corps of Engineers gravel feeder-beach nourishment at New Buffalo, MI, in late 1980 - early 1981 gave an excellent opportunity to observe the downdrift progress of the gravel. This paper...
Beach Creation by Integrated Shore Protection System
By thinking back to the past efforts of shore protection works against coastal disasters in Japan, the reasons why many sandy beaches have disappeared and why the present shore protection...
Dune Maintenance
Beach nourishment and stabilization may be achieved through the replacement of sand eroded from the dune. A generalized description of the physical processes and the storm protection benefits...
Shore Protection Construction Along the California Coast
Severe beach, cliff and bluff erosion is occurring along the urban communities on the 1800 miles of ocean, bay and estuarine shoreline of California. This report is an overview of the...
Beach Erosion in Florida: A Challenge for Planning and Management
A substantial portion of the sandy beach shoreline in Florida is considered to be 'critically' eroding. 'Critical' erosion, as used...
Beyond Mitigation: Achieving Habitat Restoration and Enhancement at the Local Level
The City of Olympia, located on Budd Inlet in Puget Sound, has undertaken the development of an Urban Waterfront Plan. This plan will become part of the Shoreline Master Program, the local...
Increased Attention to Ocean and Coastal Protection Legislation in the 101st Congress
For all the grumbling about the ineffectiveness of Congress, the 101st Congress produced a surprising number of critical pieces of coastal- and ocean-related legislation, and began the...
Natural Resource Trustee Responsibilites: An Awakening Titan
The Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation and Liability Act (CERCLA), the Federal Water Pollution Control Act (FWPCA), and the Oil Pollution Act of 1990 (OPA) designate the...
Environmental Impact Assessment and the Conservation of Marine Biological Diversity
Legislation is pending to include assessment of biodiversity in the Environmental Impact Statement process and revise the National Environmental Policy Act to better address the conservation...
Environmental Impact Assessment Requirements for Coastal Development in Malaysia
The social and economic consequences of coastal erosion and the concern generated have increased rapidly in Malaysia as development of coastal areas escalates. The need for a proper management...
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