Factors Affecting Neutron Gauge Calibration
Neutron gauge characteristics and soil chemistry affect gauge calibration. External factors also influence gauge calibration and should be considered in the calibration procedure. Gauge...
Relationship of Soil Type and Chemicals to the Calibration of Neutron Meters
Theory of neutron scattering and moderation in matter explains many of the characteristics of calibration curves of neutron moisture probes. Characteristics include effect of atomic species...
Research Needs in Movement of Agricultural Chemicals to Groundwater
Better prediction of the movement of agricultural chemicals to groundwater is necessary to permit development of best management practices to reduce adverse environmental effects of agriculture....
Geochemical Factors Affecting Trace Element Mobility
Selected geochemical processes to be considered when modeling the movement of trace elements in soils are presented. The topics covered include: solid phase-solubility equilibria, ion...
Chemically-Enhanced Treatment: An Alternative to Biological Secondary Treatment for Ocean Outfalls
Chemically-enhanced treatment is a process whereby chemicals are added to wastewater in order to enhance solids removals through coagulation. This treatment process can obtain removal...
Asphalt Changes in Drum Dryer and Batch Operations
The study was designed to determine whether steam distillation of asphalt takes place in a drum dryer mixer by comparing changes induced by various laboratory conditioning (aging) techniques...
The Dredging Dilemma
Disposal of dredge materials is becoming a national environmental problem. Disposal sites on land are becoming extremely scarce and environmental objections growing. There are also objections...
Grouting Slip Liners: The New Inside Story
There are approximately 800,000 miles of water and sewer pipelines in the U.S. that need remedial work. About 2% need work each year, usually due to normal or accidental corrosion. Normal...
Rehabilitating West Point's Tunnel
Conrail, the Northeast's largest freight railway, had a problem with a tunnel carrying the fastest freight line between the New York area and the Pacific. The 1882 tunnel...
Advanced Integrated Wastewater Pond Systems
By incorporating special environments for methane fermentation and photosynthetic oxygenation, advanced integrated ponding systems attain high degrees of primary and secondary treatment...
Microsilica (Silica Fume) Concrete Durability in Severe Environments
Microsilica (silica fume) concrete has provided increased durability in a variety of aggressive environments. Technical information is presented for microsilica concretes exposed to fire,...
Chloride Diffusion Constant for Concretes
Reinforced concrete exposed to chloride ions rapidly deteriorates once the chloride concentration level exceeds the corrosion threshold limit. The diffusion of the chloride ion through...
Use of Copper Slag for Construction Purposes
Standard laboratory test results on the fine- and coarse-grained fractions of a copper slag have been presented. Based on the results of these tests, the possible use of the fine fraction...
Accelerating Electrons
At a wastewater treatment plant in Miami, five scientists have pointed a 1.5 million v `e-beam' at pathogens and hazardous chemicals. It's the only full-scale...
Jet Grout Stabilization of Peaty Soils Under a Railway Embankment in Italy
The construction of two railway embankments on a peaty soil deposit up to 7m thick required a foundation improvement program meeting very strict specifications in terms of environmental...
Jet Grouting for Underpinning and Excavation Support
Jet Grouting as a new tool for underpinning and excavation support is presented, describing the systems of Jet Grouting and its advantages over conventional underpinning techniques. A...
Jet Grouting to Construct a Soilcrete Wall Using a Twin Stem System
An existing coal loading pier located in Norfolk, Virginia was completed in 1961 for the purpose of loading ocean going ships. It was determined that dredging adjacent to the pier would...
Case Histories of Shallow Foundations on Improved Soil
Case histories for four projects, with structures varying from a 27-story high rise to a one-story shopping center, are presented. For each of these projects, improving the soil to allow...
Compaction Grouting as an Aid to Construction
The traditional use of compaction grouting has been to arrest settlement of existing structures, and occasionally to raise them back to their original grades. Recently, the process has...
Consolidation Grouting Operations for Kirkwood Penstock
Kirkwood Penstock, which is part of the Hetch Hetchy water system of the City of San Francisco, California exhibited evidence of settlement and local extension following extraordinarily...
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