Small Diameter Gravity and Pressure Sewers
In communities with low population density or physical features that make conventional gravity sewers inordinately expensive, alternative sewer technologies can be significantly lower...
Lessons to be Learned from Lafayette Tennessee's Small Diameter Sewer System
Lafayette, Tennessee's septic tank effluent, small diameter gravity sewer (SDGS) system is believed to have been the first such project to be funded by the United States Environmental...
Alternating Direction Oxidation Ditches?A Cost Saving Technology from Denmark
A soon to be released EPA report claims that in Denmark, small alternating direction oxidation ditches (ADOD) save as much as 70% of the cost for conventional oxidation ditches. The alternating...
Foam Over Troubled Toxics
Foams are now being used to control noxious vapor emissions from hazardous waste landfills. Another use of foams is in control of vapors emitted by chemical spills and fires. This article...
Take Back the Land
Municipal sludge applied to land devastated by strip mining has brought thousands of acres of Ohio, Illinois and Pennsylvania land back to life. After two years of testing at a Palmerton,...
EPA: Siting Permanent Solutions
EPA's SITE (Superfund Innovative Technology Evaluation) program is entering its third year. It is designed to speed up hazardous waste treatment technology. The program helps...
Speaking of RISK
With sensitivity, common sense and preparation, an engineer can explain risk effectively and fairly without alienating the public. Risk communicators should use a standard set of terms...
Pinpointing Nonpoint Pollution
The Tennessee Valley Authority is using aerial photography to locate nonpoint sources of water pollution. These cause most of the water quality problems in the region. Failing septic tanks...
Biological Treatment of Hazardous Wastes
Biological treatment�using nature's bacteria and fungi�sometimes costs as little as 10-20% as incineration. Wastes in any form�solid, aqueous and gaseous�can be treated biologically....
Managing Mixed Waste
The category of mixed waste is an ambiguous one that is not clearly defined nor assigned to any one federal agency. These wastes, according to definitions in several government documents,...
Lead: Taking it from the Tap
Medical evidence is lowering the definition of a safe concentration of lead. In turn, there has been an effort to reduce lead in drinking water. Solutions are complicated, as many lead...
Future Shock for Farmers
An expert panel of water and agricultural practices specialists met and predicted how the nation should and might deal with problems associated with nonpoint pollution sources, especially...
Underground Storage Tank Program and Its Implications
National concern over leaking underground tanks storing hazardous materials and wastes has resulted in the implementation of the 1984 Amendments of RCRA, which include the requirement...
Megaproject Management Tool
Program management oversight is an administration innovation in the water and wastewater treatment field. The method is increasingly being used when a public entity takes on a project...
Energy/Environment Opportunities for Civil Engineers
In the West, Nuclear Facilities Decommissioning; In the East, Implementation of Waste to Energy Systems
The papers in this book examine and provide illustrations for civil engineering opportunities in resolving apparent conflicts between needs for energy generation and environmental acceptability....
Disposal and Utilization of Electric Utility Wastes
The papers presented in this book summarize the recent developments in coal ash utilization technology, and the current issues and regulations associated with the environmental effects...
The Nebraska Chemigation Cat?1987 in Review
The Nebraska Chemigation Act was signed into law in April of 1986 with requirements effective January 1, 1987. The Act is one of the most comprehensive pieces of chemigation legislation...
Chemigation Backflow Prevention Assemblies
Chemigation with sprinkler irrigation systems is widely used throughout the United States. One potential environmental hazard of this practice is the point source water contamination due...
Advanced Chemigation Systems for Environmental Safety and Groundwater Protection
A multifunction irrigation system has been developed which utilizes a separate dynamic in-canopy nozzle system for chemical application. Testing the system with a lithium tracer on four...
Potassium Fertigation in Drip Irrigated Peppers in Puerto Rico
Three potassium fertigation rates (T1 = 100%, T2 = 60%, T3 = 30%) via trickle irrigation, fertilization rates (T4 = 100%, S1 = 100%, S2 = 50%, S3 = 0.0) and nonfertilization (T5 = 0.0)...
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