Controlling Lead and Copper Corrosion and Sequestering of Iron and Manganese
With the recently enacted Lead and Copper Rule (LCR), many utilities are faced with the conflict of meeting the requirements of the Rule and controlling aesthetic problems caused by source...
Modeling Issues of Copper Solubility in Drinking Water
The paper discusses the application of a model to the solubility of copper in drinking water. This paper is the result of numerous forms of pitting corrosion and pipe failures. Monitoring...
The Effects of NOM and Coagulation on Copper Corrosion
Copper corrosion was examined in solutions containing natural organic matter (NOM) and in situations where NOM was removed by enhanced coagulation with alum or ferric chloride. Electrochemical...
Water Chemistry of Lead Corrosion Control
Requirements of the Lead and Copper Rule (U.S. EPA) makes it necessary for regulators, consultants, and water purveyors to understand the fundamental relationships between water quality...
Cryptosporidium and the Milwaukee Incident
In early 1993, Milwaukee, Wisconsin reported a sharp increase in the number of diarrhea patients and shortage of over the counter drugs for diarrhea control at local pharmacies. This increase...
Control of Microbial Water Quality in the Little Rock, Arkansas Distribution System
Beginning in the summer of 1993, seasonal studies were undertaken to evaluate the effectiveness of water treatment processes at Little Rock Municipal Water Works (LRMWW). Two treatment...
The Relationship of Speciation to Iron and Manganese Removal Strategies
Case studies are presented describing how Fe and Mn speciation procedures were used to solve process problems at two water utilities. A series of filtration steps are used to separate...
Comparison of Biological and Chemical/Physical Iron Removal
The report compares the efficiency of chemical/physical and biological iron removal processes during the entire filter cycle. The results of the first three pilot studies performed in...
Treatment of Oil in Water Emulsions by Ceramic-Supported Polymeric Membranes
A novel membrane was developed by growing polymer chains from the surface of a porous ceramic support, resulting in a composite membrane which combines the mechanical properties of the...
Immiscible Organic Liquid Recovery Using Unconfined Membranes
Hydrophobic hollow fiber micropourous membranes have been characterized and applied to the problem of separating and recovering low density hydrocarbons from water surfaces. The merits...
Waste Minimization and Recycling by Microfiltration during Nitrocellulose Manufacturing
A plant survey was conducted to determine the amount of nitrocellulose (NC) discharged with process water from each of five sequential NC purification processes. Wastewater samples were...
Meeting 503 Regulations for Ten Biosolids Incinerators (And Associated Stories)
This paper provides an overview of the Hampton Roads Sanitation District's Part 503 regulations compliance program regarding incineration of biosolids at five of its treatment facilities....
Clearing the Air About Sludge Incinerator Emissions
In 1990, a research needs assessment for wastewater treatment agencies conducted by the Water Environment Research Foundation recommended a three-year project to identify and quantify...
Beneficial Use Alternatives for Water Treatment Plant Residuals
The beneficial use alternatives which are currently in practice for water treatment plant residuals and their relative advantages and disadvantages are summarized in this paper. The alternatives...
Modifying One of the Nation's Most Successful Biosolids Lime Stabilization Operations
Since 1978, the Vallejo, California, Sanitation and Flood Control District has managed a tremendously successful biosolids program consisting of lime stabilization and agricultural land...
Flocculation Kinetics Using Fe(III) Coagulant to Coagulate Kaolin Clay in Water: Effects of Temperature
Flocculation kinetics using ferric nitrate as a coagulant to coagulate kaolin clay in water was examined using several experimental factors. Both the particle size distribution data obtained...
Assessing Roughing Filtration Design Variables
Rural communities are affected by the surface water treatment rule and are looking for inexpensive filtration options which are easy to operate and maintain. This paper evaluates roughing...
Filtration and Backwashing Performance of Biologically-Active Filters
Before widespread use can be made of biological filters, it is crucial to develop an understanding of the filtration and backwashing performance of these filters. Experimental results...
Application of Numerical Models in the Design of Clarifiers
In this study, a numerical model of a circular clarifier was applied to reveal the effects of the water depth on the hydraulic and removal efficiency. The velocity and solids concentration...
Clarifier Enhancements Yield Excellent Performance
The critical role of final clarifiers in meeting effluent permit requirements in indisputable. Poor performance of the final clarification step may adversely affect effluent quality. Experience...
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