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Utilization of Stormwater Runoff to Recharge Underlying Aquifer

by T. Giorgis Goitom, Michael Baker, Jr., Inc, Alexandria, United States,
Bennett D. Reischauer, Michael Baker, Jr., Inc, Alexandria, United States,



Document Type: Proceeding Paper

Part of: Hydraulic Engineering

Abstract:

The expanding economy in Oman has led to rapid development in the Capital area. Water is critical to sustaining this rapid growth, and new sources of water are being sought to meet the increasing demand. Wadis (drainage valleys) located in the area are normally dry except during storms when flood water runs off to the sea too quickly to allow maximum recharge. It has been estimated by the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers that approximately one-third of the lost runoff is recoverable for use, and the concept of recharging underlying aquifers by infiltration presents an attractive source of water. In order to implement this concept, construction of dams and other structures are necessary to retard the flood flow, augment natural infiltration, and increase retention time, thereby slowing and ultimately reducing the flood runoff to the sea. Based on the available data and its proximity to the Capital area, Wadi Al Khawd was selected as the site of the first aquifer recharge project in Oman. The project was designed by Stanley Consultants, Inc., as a pilot project, and one of its principal objectives was to develop a database of information on the performance of recharge facilities. The project also includes a monitoring and observation program to assist in the evaluation of potential future groundwater recharge developments. Construction of the Wadi Al Khawd dam was completed in 1985, and flow measuring and monitoring equipment was constructed in 1986. This paper covers the design of the Wadi Al Khawd aquifer recharge project, the monitoring of its performance, and the evaluation of its effectiveness.

Subject Headings: Runoff | Project management | Stormwater management | Floods | Dams | Water resources | Water demand | Oman | Middle East

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