Modeling Intake Performance Under Frazil Ice Conditions

by Arnold M. Dean, US Army Cold Regions Research &, Engineering Lab, Hanover, NH, USA,



Document Type: Proceeding Paper

Part of: Water for Resource Development

Abstract:

A water intake was modeled in a refrigerated flume in an active frazil icing environment in order to evaluate alternative modifications to the prototype structure. Tests were run until a head was developed across the model intake which was equivalent to a 12-foot head on the prototype, or until the icing tendency of the structure was determined. The shape of the conduit appeared to have no observable effect on the icing. As the dimension of the entrained ice masses approached the dimension of the conduit, stoppering and multi-particle attachment became the dominant icing mechanisms. In these cases the shape of the entrance to the conduit appeared to have no significant effect. With larger-diameter models the icing mechanism was primarily accumulation, and the hydraulically smooth extended-eclipse entrance dramatically reduced icings compared with the square and rounded entrances.

Subject Headings: Water intakes | Ice | Hydraulic models | Structural models | Flumes | Conduits | Rivers and streams

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