Historical Background
Discussions on payments for encountering unexpected conditions in construction commenced in 1960 and subsequent programs were presented in 1963, 1989 and 1991. The current symposium contains...
Who Pays for the Unexpected in Construction? A Heavy Construction Contractor's Viewpoint
The complex question of who pays for the unexpected in construction is analyzed using several examples from experience. In addition to the unexpected being due to subsurface conditions,...
Who Pays for the Unexpected in Construction??Owner as Engineer's Point of View
In the case of an unexpected discovery or development, it potentially may evolve into a three-cornered dispute among the Owner, Engineer, and Contractor. Frequently, it may become a two-sided...
Who Pays for the Unexpected in Construction?
Unexpected events of major concern result from voluntary risks taken by one or more of the parties to a construction contract. The party taking the risk should reap the reward or pay the...
Who Pays for the Unexpected in Construction: The Geotechnical Contractor's Point of View
Unexpected conditions are inherent in most construction projects and often lead to claims and legal action. Contract risk avoidance language force owners, engineers and contractors to...
Who Pays for the Unexpected in Construction
A grouting contractor's point of view on who pays for the unexpected in construction is presented. Because grouting can be used as an alternative for other construction procedures,...
Who Pays for the Unexpected in Construction??The Lawyer's Point of View
Encountering the unexpected is to be expected - it is one of the risks inherent in construction. While encountering the unexpected cannot be completely prevented, steps to (1) reduce the...
Who Pays for the Unexpected in Construction?An Architect's Viewpoint
As an Architect, who in the first instance is contractually obligated to address the full range of design discipline services, the question of 'who pays for the unexpected...
Who Pays for the Unexpected in Construction: Hi-Rise Engineers Point of View
The unexpected in high-rise construction can be traced to design criteria evolving from environmental models and probes, as well as 3 general problems dealing with quality control in contract...
Who Pays for the Unexpected in Construction? The Law, the Courts and ADR
If the question as to who pays for the unexpected in construction has to be answered because the parties have not amicably resolved a particular dispute, that answer will depend upon the...
Incentives for Technological Innovation in Construction
Why innovate in construction? The answer to this frequently asked question is critical for the future of the U.S. engineering and construction industry. One reason for this is the multitude...
Restructuring Responsibility and Reward for More Construction Innovation
This paper proposes modifications to the contractual systems customary in the U.S. construction industry with the objective of encouraging technology innovation. The relationships among...
Partnering: Contracting for Quality
The concept of partnering is an approach to conducting business that confronts the economic and technological challenges confronting the U.S. Construction Industry in the 1990's....
Ahead of Schedule, Under Budget, and Out of Court
The process of designing and constructing facilities involves three parties, the Owner, the Designer and the Constructor. Each has a significant role in this process if the project is...
The Strategy of Bidding for Profit
The ultimate goal of any contractor engaged in competitive bidding is to achieve the maximum profits possible on the jobs he bids, under the prevailing competitive conditions. By systematically...
Construction Communications?What the Contractor Has to Write: And How
Only zero defects in scheduling, cost control, and specification compliance can maximize construction business profits. You can never produce a perfect project, but by clear, uncomplicated,...
Construction Inspection Responsibility from the Viewpoint of a General Contractor and Construction Manager on a GMP Project
Absent local laws to the contrary, any member of the construction team, the Owner, Architect, or Contractor, can theoretically arrange for and provide any testing and inspection that may...
Contractor Inspection
Partnering between the owner, architect-engineer (A-E) and construction contractor creates an environment which facilitates the successful completion of quality construction. Each participant...
Zero-based Contracts for Dispute Avoidance
There is presently considerable interest in reducing the costs associated with disputes and litigation in the facility acquisition process. One of the best ways to reduce such costs is...
A Strategy for Partnering in the Public Sector
Partnering is a cooperative approach to contract management that reduces costs, litigation, and stress. The Portland District of the corps of Engineers has successfully used partnering...
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