Coupling Physical, Chemical, or Biological Methods for Innovative Groundwater Remediation Coupled Polymer Floods and Bio-Chemical Remediation Techniques for Enhanced Groundwater Treatment
Many groundwater remediation techniques are designed to remove or destroy contaminants
Use of Fiber Reinforced Polymer Composites as Reinforcing Material for Concrete
Although the potential of continuous fiber reinforced polymers (FRPs) was recognized more than 50 years ago, bottlenecks such as vulnerability to static fatigue, ultraviolet radiation,...
Fiber-Reinforced Polymer Composites for Construction�State-of-the-Art Review
A concise state-of-the-art survey of fiber-reinforced polymer (also known as fiber-reinforced plastic) composites for construction applications in civil engineering is presented. The paper...
Initial Considerations
The purpose of this section is to aid the line designers in developing their specifications for fiber-reinforced polymer (FRP) materials utilized in electric overhead line structures....
Materials and Manufacturing Processes
This chapter introduces the basic materials used in the manufacturing of composite structures. It will help the line designer in understanding how the different elements of the fiber-matrix...
Design Loads
This chapter discusses the types of loadings that should be considered when designing overhead power lines utilizing fiber-reinforced polymer (FRP) poles. For infrastructure applications...
Performance-Based Criteria for FRP Products and Materials
In most ways, fiber-reinforced polymer (FRP) structures perform similar to wood and steel structures. There are, however, certain differences and these differences are described in this...
Suggested Guidelines for Performance-Based Tests
Although several standard tests are cited in this chapter, these tests are not designed specifically for fiber-reinforced polymer (FRP) overhead line structures. There are, in fact, no...
Quality Assurance
The user is responsible for ensuring the quality of products purchased. Therefore, the user of fiber-reinforced polymer (FRP) products determines the level of quality that will be accepted....
Assembly and Erection
This chapter is intended to provide recommendations on transporting, handling, assembling, and erecting fiber-reinforced polymer (FRP) poles. An important consideration is that FRP poles...
In-Service Considerations
Generally, little or no preventative maintenance is required on fiber-reinforced polymer (FRP) poles. This chapter discusses factors that could affect the performance of FRP poles after...
Stronger Longer
Like many older concrete bridges, the Sierrita de la Cruz Creek Bridge, a 1957 crossing near Amarillo, Texas, suffered from concrete deterioration. When the Texas Department of Transportation...
Composites Enhance Timber Bridges
Two relatively new technologies are available for reinforcing or strengthening timber bridges with fiber-reinforced polymers (FRPs). The first consists in reinforcing the tension side...
Gap Analysis for Durability of Fiber Reinforced Polymer Composite in Civil Infrastructure
Prepared by the Civil Engineering Research Foundation. This report provides the results of a study on what is known and not known about the use of...
Closing in on Approval
A lack of qualification criteria and design standards has hindered some engineers from using fiber-reinforced polymers to restore concrete structures. But several organizations�among them,...
Quality Check
Composite materials, also known as fiber reinforced polymers (FRPs), have traditionally been reserved for aerospace engineering applications because of their high cost. FRPs'...
Glass Rebar's Growing Pain
Although engineers have used glass fiber reinforced polymer (GFRP) reinforcing bar in applications as diverse as winery roofs and bridge decks, a lack of standards and understanding by...
Finding the Right Bond
Professors and students from a Swiss university built a dual-span glass fiber reinforced polymer (FRP) bridge to gain a better understanding of how composite materials behave and how best...
Ground Attack
Buried surfaces made of concrete, ductile iron and carbon steel are susceptible to corrosion by the soil that surrounds them, but there are numerous ways that these surfaces may be protected....
Muscle Made of Carbon Fiber
Carbon fiber reinforced plastic (CFRP) extends service life and increases load-bearing capacity when applied to concrete structures. CFRP is less expensive than traditional strengthening...
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