Small and Low Head Pumped Storage Projects
With the recent completion of several very large pumped storage projects, the perception of a hydroelectric pumped storage project in some power industry circles may be that of a project...

Deflector Synchronizing and Governing
This paper is a survey of deflector control speed govern impulse turbines for synchronization to a grid, and for isolated operation. There are several advantages to deflector control versus...

Optimising Electric Power From a Small Scale Hydro Plant
The paper summarizes new development in electrical power generation from small scale hydro prime movers. It describes various methods of power generation such as CSCF (Constant speed constant...

Standard Safety and Control Concept for Double Regulated Small and Medium Hydro Turbines
The paper proposes a standard control concept for double regulated small and medium hydro turbines. The concept is based on minimum protection requirements for safe and reliable quick...

Penstock Rehabilitation
The deterioration of aging penstocks is a common problem at many existing hydroelectric plants. A comprehensive understanding of the physical condition and functional limitations of an...

Evaluation of Turbine Intake Velocity Criteria
The paper addresses the effect of intake flow distribution on turbine performance at low-head projects. Field and model test data are used to raise the question of whether typical turbine...

A Case Study, Large Versus Small
This paper will review the hydraulic comparisons between the Lock and Dam No. 13 Hydropower Project, a 33-MW, low-head generating station near Fort Smith, Arkansas, and the Murray Hydroelectric...

Turbines and Pump Turbines for Ultra High Heads
The paper describes the turbine development in Norway as background for high head turbine technology and shows a typical Norwegian high head Francis as an example. High head reversible...

Effect of Frequency on Center Pivot Irrigation
Processes that are affected by the irrigation frequency of center pivot irrigation systems are described. High frequency irrigation will increase evaporation from crop canopies and unshaded...

Effects of Soil Layering on Infiltration
The effect of sloping soil layers on infiltration depends on the textural composition of both layers at the interface, as well as the slope of the interface. The contractions of flow caused...

Hydrologic Impact of Reservoir Filling on a Fractured Crystalline-Rock Aquifer
A study of flow in and recharge to fractured rock has been initiated in conjunction with the construction and filling of a pumped-storage reservoir for a hydropower plant in the Blue Ridge...

Predicting Incipient Fluidization of Fine Sands in Unbounded Domains
Fluidization systems in the coastal environment consist of a water pumping system and a source pipe buried in or near a tidal inlet to maintain a channel or to aid in sand bypassing. If...

Type Curves for a Slug Test in an Infinitely or Semi-infinitely Thick Aquifer
Type curves are provided for a slug test in an infinitely or semi-infinitely thick aquifer, the latter with the single confining layer immediately above or immediately below the well....

Well and Formation Losses
For design projects in the groundwater area, a step-drawdown test is commonly used to investigate the properties of the well-aquifer systems. Higher well and formation losses are usually...

Aquifer Measurements at Different Scales
Multilevel slug test data from five wells in a confined, sandy aquifer were analyzed to obtain an estimate of the vertical variation of the horizontal hydraulic conductivity, K(z). Hydraulic...

Movable-Bed Model to Evaluate Nile River Dredging
About 200 km south of Cario, at Bani Mazar reach, the Nile River has widened and formed several islands. The result is three channels with shallow depths. One of the branches must be improved...

Fluidization Pipe Hole Spacing
Two-dimensional fluidization experiments are performed on fine (d₅₀ = 0.15 mm) and medium coarse (d₅₀ = 0.45...

Preventing Stilling Basin Abrasion
A 1:10 scale physical hydraulic model of Taylor Draw Dam outlet works was used to develop modifications to prevent back flow intake of rock into the stilling basin. Much of the back flow...

Experimental Model Study of Over and Under Baffles
A hydraulic model study of a chlorine mixing channel was conducted at the Hydraulic Research Laboratory of the City of Los Angeles. An arrangement of over-under baffles was used to facilitate...

Classification and Prediction of Buoyant Surface Discharges
Past efforts to predict the dilution and geometric characteristics of buoyant surface flows have relied on integral modelling techniques involving the solution of a series of differential...

 

 

 

 

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