Design of Shotcrete Support from the Rock Mechanical Viewpoint
When designing tunnel support the key question is to determine the loading conditions resulting from the deformation of the rock mass during and after excavation. Principle views are given...
High-Grade Concrete for the Single Permanent Shotcrete Lining Method
With the single permanent shotcrete lining method in underground construction in rock, a shotcrete layer placed subsequently to the application of the supporting shotcrete replaces the...
Design and Application of Integrated Shotcrete Linings for Underground Openings in Weak Rock Masses
Tunnels and caverns excavated in weak rock masses require special consideration in terms of shotcrete lining design. Shotcrete as a support medium for weak rock provides major benefits...
Guidelines for Shotcrete Support in Hard Rock
The writer is working on a handbook on shotcrete in hard rock. The work is sponsored by the Swedish Power Board, Development Division. The main contents are: Choice of shotcrete support...
Application of the Wet Shotcrete System Top Shot in Tunneling?Experiences, Evaluation and Comparison
Site Measurement of Shotcreting Dust
Shotcreting is broadly used today as an excellent lining system, which enables to assure rapidly the stability of excavated rock surface. This system however leaves room for improvements...
Use of Steel-Fiber Reinforced Wet-Mix Shotcrete in Extreme Rock-Bursting Conditions
If the stresses close to tunnels or caverns exceed the capacity of the surrounding rock, rock-bursting might start. When tunneling in such rock conditions the need for a safe, quick and...
Design of Shotcrete Linings at the Channel Tunnel
Shotcrete is one of the essential support elements of tunnels driven according to the principles of the New Austrian Tunnelling Method (NATM). Whereas originally the NATM was mainly based...
Construction of Shotcrete Linings Channel Tunnel
Without the use of shotcrete and the flexibility it offers in terms of tunnel profile, economy and speed of tunnelling, the project would certainly not be as far advanced as it is at present....
Fibre Reinforced Shotcrete Case Studies of Wet and Dry Processes
Both wet shotcrete and fibre reinforced shotcrete are being increasingly utilised in the South African mining industry. This Paper describes two applications of fibre reinforced shotcrete...
A Review of Sprayed Concrete Linings Adopted at Dinorwig Power Station
Sprayed concrete was adopted extensively as one element of both temporary and permanent rock support during the construction of the 1800 MW Dinorwig underground power station in North...
Reinforced Shotcrete Linings as Part of an Integrated Support System Used in a High Stress Mining Environment
Shabanie and King Mines are situated in the Southern part of Zimbabwe, some 60 km apart and approximately 200 km east of Bulawayo. They are the largest underground operations in Zimbabwe...
Seismic Design of Circular-Section Concrete-Lined Underground Openings?Preclosure Performance Considerations for the Yucca Mountain Site
Yucca Mountain, the potential site of a repository for high-level radioactive waste, is situated in a region of natural and man-made seismicity. Underground openings excavated at this...
Reliability-Based Design of Transmission Towers Under Wind and Ice Loadings
This study suggests a practical but rational approach for the development of reliability-based LRFD criteria for transmission towers under wind and ice loadings in Korea. Based on available...
Principles for a Rational Design of Shotcrete Linings in Hard Rock
The rock load on a shotcrete lining is hard to determine. This fact, however, does not prevent from designing the lining in a rational and consequent way. The paper treats the problem...
Design of Tunnel Lining from Shotcrete in Combination with Anchors
The method of designing tunnel linings from shotcrete in combination with anchors is given in the paper. The method is based upon the solution of the plane contact problem for a double-layer...
To the Limits of Shotcrete Linings
In the 1950s for the first time shotcrete was used because an essential support measure to guarantee the stability of an underground opening in Austria, Detzelhofer (1). Since that time...
The Use of Yield-Line Theory in the Design of Steel-Fibre Reinforced Concrete Slabs
Using yield line calculations for steel fibre reinforced slabs a formula for the design strength of shotcrete linings is developed. The formula establishes a connection between the toughness...
Influence of Early-Age Properties of Shotcrete on Tunnel Construction Sequences
This paper presents a study on influence of the properties of young shotcrete as a tunnel lining on tunnel construction sequences, by a closed-form analytical solution of a circular tunnel....
Two Shotcrete Lined Tunnels in the United Kingdom
The paper describes two large diameter tunnels recently built in southern England where shotcrete has been used as the primary support. The design methodology is described together with...
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