Vacuum Sewers: Fundamentals and Design Methods
Vacuum sewer (VS) systems have important advantages over conventional gravity sanitary sewers or septic tank-soil absorption systems when one or more of the following conditions hold:...

Alternating Direction Oxidation Ditches?A Cost Saving Technology from Denmark
A soon to be released EPA report claims that in Denmark, small alternating direction oxidation ditches (ADOD) save as much as 70% of the cost for conventional oxidation ditches. The alternating...

CLNET?A Computer Model for Tracking Movement, Decay, and Concentrations Throughout Water Distribution Systems
This paper describes a computer program package for modeling the spread and subsequent decay of chlorine for modeling as water travels throughout a water distribution system. This total...

Take Back the Land
Municipal sludge applied to land devastated by strip mining has brought thousands of acres of Ohio, Illinois and Pennsylvania land back to life. After two years of testing at a Palmerton,...

EPA: Siting Permanent Solutions
EPA's SITE (Superfund Innovative Technology Evaluation) program is entering its third year. It is designed to speed up hazardous waste treatment technology. The program helps...

Pinpointing Nonpoint Pollution
The Tennessee Valley Authority is using aerial photography to locate nonpoint sources of water pollution. These cause most of the water quality problems in the region. Failing septic tanks...

Biological Treatment of Hazardous Wastes
Biological treatment�using nature's bacteria and fungi�sometimes costs as little as 10-20% as incineration. Wastes in any form�solid, aqueous and gaseous�can be treated biologically....

Megaproject Management Tool
Program management oversight is an administration innovation in the water and wastewater treatment field. The method is increasingly being used when a public entity takes on a project...

Getting the VOCs Out of Well Water
Two technologies are successfully removing volatile organic chemicals (VOCs) from groundwater supplies. Not surprisingly, since the application is new, many of the designs were not optimized...

Changing Federal/State Water Resources Roles
As federal agencies such as Reclamation undertake change on national and regional levels, the priorities and programs of state and local groups may, in turn, be affected. Increased coordination...

The Nebraska Chemigation Cat?1987 in Review
The Nebraska Chemigation Act was signed into law in April of 1986 with requirements effective January 1, 1987. The Act is one of the most comprehensive pieces of chemigation legislation...

Chemigation Backflow Prevention Assemblies
Chemigation with sprinkler irrigation systems is widely used throughout the United States. One potential environmental hazard of this practice is the point source water contamination due...

Advanced Chemigation Systems for Environmental Safety and Groundwater Protection
A multifunction irrigation system has been developed which utilizes a separate dynamic in-canopy nozzle system for chemical application. Testing the system with a lithium tracer on four...

Potassium Fertigation in Drip Irrigated Peppers in Puerto Rico
Three potassium fertigation rates (T1 = 100%, T2 = 60%, T3 = 30%) via trickle irrigation, fertilization rates (T4 = 100%, S1 = 100%, S2 = 50%, S3 = 0.0) and nonfertilization (T5 = 0.0)...

Methods of Evaluating Canal Transmission Losses
This paper discusses various methods presently used to evaluate transmission losses with particular emphasis on those methods used in the Bureau of Reclamation....

The Economic Feasibility of Using Ethanol to Accelerate Groundwater Denitrification
A substantial buildup of nitrate in the groundwater of the eastern Sandhills region of Nebraska is projected by some planners. A groundwater carbon source such as ethanol promotes denitrification,...

Leaching of Nitrate from Freely Drained?Irrigated Fields Treated with Municipal Sludges
A municipal sludge land application experiment was initiated in 1975 near Riverside, California. From 1975 to 1983 sludges from the Los Angeles Metropolitan Area were applied on experimental...

Economic Evaluation of Treatment Alternatives for Nitrate-Contaminated Water Supplies
This paper discusses the economic feasibility of removing nitrates from water supplies. Potential nitrate treatment methods include ion exchange, reverse osmosis, bio-denitrification,...

Expert Systems Water Management: A Demonstration
Expertise is one of the major assets of the Bureau of Reclamation. However, with the current downward trend in government funding, the Bureau is facing an 'expertise crisis'....

Selenium in the Kendrick Reclamation Project, Wyoming
Elevated concentrations of selenium in water, bottom sediment, and biota were noted during a reconnaissance investigation of the Kendrick Reclamation Project in central Wyoming. Dissolved-selenium...

 

 

 

 

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