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Intermediate Service Levels in Sanitation Systems
The major alternatives to sewerage are described and their potential for application in developing countries is explored. The reasons why conventional engineering practices have led to...
Cost-Effective Use of Municipal Wastewater Treatment Ponds
Treatment ponds are a cost-effective alternative for municipal wastewater treatment. When compared to other secondary treatment alternatives, ponds are generally the least costly, require...
Systems of Waste Water Management in Europe
The history of European waste water management is briefly reviewed. Legal aspects of waste water management are presented by examples from Germany and Switzerland. International agreements...
Pittsburgh's Troubled Bridges: What to Do About Them�
The Pittsburgh area is troubled by old bridges that are badly deteriorated. The metropolitan area has more bridges�� 1,700�� than any other. And some 66 of them have weight limits posted....
$80,000 in Payoffs: An Engineer Tells His Story
A member of ASCE was told that if he wanted public work in a certain area, he would have to pay the County Engineer 25% of the project costs. The engineer decided to pay and has regretted...
County Engineer Throws the Book Away in Intersection Design and Lowers Cost 20%
Article describes the innovative design of a highway intersection that was reconstructed to relieve traffic congestion. The nearest drainage outlet was 2800-ft away and was inadequate,...
What Contractors Think About Prefabricated Piping
Among 190 of the largest users of pipe, 77% now use large-scale prefabricated piping. These users report an average saving, using prefabricated pipe versus conventional pipe, of 23%. Before...
Field Control Replaces Design Conservation At World's Largest Underground Powerhouse
The excavation of 16,000,000 yd� of rock at LG-2, part of the La Grande hydropower project in Canada, has been completed. The world's largest underground powerhouse, with...
How Can Construction Specifications Be Improved�
Construction costs could be cut perhaps 5% to 10% if specifications were improved, as the ASCE survey of contractors discloses. Spec writers must have had responsible field experience....
The Coastal Zone: Battleground and Classroom
The coastal zone of the nation is becoming the battleground for opposing energy and environmental interests. The Coastal Zone Management Law of 1972 asked that each state prepare a coastal...
Let's Keep It In The Family
One of the most important challenges owners of private business will eventually encounter is the question of ownership succession. Unless the business owner provides the mechanism for...
Highway Widening Proceeds Behind Concrete Median Barrier
Precast concrete median barrier curb is being used temporarily to protect both workmen and traffic through the 3.1-mile long construction zone of a widening project along the Garden State...
Mammoth Construction Jobs: How to Speed Them, Cut Costs�
Not a few massive construction projects in such fields as mass transit, water resources, and power plants are suffering greatly from inflated costs and long delays. Among reasons are the...
Fatigue Cracking�Problem for Welded Steel Bridges
A recent problem with welded steel bridges is fatigue cracking at welded details. Fatigue cracks begin in small flaws or discontinuities at welded connections and grow to a critical size...
Flood Control Planning in Albuquerque
In 1973, a 42-mi� area adjacent to Albuquerque, New Mexico, was about one-third developed, and drainage problems were evident. The area is on an alluvial fan at the foot of the Sandia...
Counteracting Chloride-Induced Damage to Bridge Decks with Latex and Plastic
Salt used to control ice causes deterioration of reinforced concrete bridge decks, but recent developments, though still somewhat expensive, can prevent deterioration of existing decks....
Coastal Controversies Abound at Record-Breaking Conclave
Coastal Zone '78 was the largest specialty conference ever held by the ASCE, drawing over 1,000 participants from a wide spectrum of professions that are involved in coastal...
New River Gorge Bridge: World's Longest Steel Arch
For 45 years, the Bayonne Bridge had reigned as the world's longest steel arch bridge. No longer. The New River Gorge Bridge in West Virginia has a steel arch spanning 1700...
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