Parameterization of Turbulence for Three-Dimensional Circulation Modeling
Estuarine circulation are driven by the actions of tide, wind, and density gradients associated with saline ocean water and fresh riverine water, and are also influenced by the complex...
Three-Dimensional Free Surface Modeling (Is There a Best Approach?)
With the increases in computing power, researchers all over the world are developing and applying three-dimensional (3D) hydrodynamic models. The numerical techniques employed are usually...
A Finite-Difference Model for 3-D Flow in Bays and Estuaries
This paper describes a semi-implicit finite-difference model for the numerical solution of three-dimensional flow in bays and estuaries. The model treats the gravity wave and vertical...
Horizontal Gradients in Sigma Transformed Bathymetries with Steep Bottom Slopes
Simulation of free surface flow and transport in areas such as seas, estuaries and river is often based upon three-dimensional modelling systems. Common characteristics of these modelling...
2-D Vertical and 3-D Modelling of Mud Transport in Tidal Flows
Model predictions of a fully three-dimensional sediment transport model are presented for two tidal flow variation cases. A simplified two-dimensional form of the model is applied to demonstrate...
Three-Dimensional Numerical Modeling for Transport Studies
Modeling three-dimensional transport of salinity and sediments in estuarine flows requires that hydrodynamics be accurately modeled with sufficient precision to describe the advection...
Mixing Character and Meandering Mechanism of a Plane Jet Bounded in a Shallow Water Layer
A plane jet in a shallow water layer is characterized by the jet width b1/2 much larger than the water depth h at large downstream distances x/h...
Shifts in Solute Transport Direction Induced by Transient Flow
Traditionally, solute transport projections have focussed on the long-term, steady state conditions expected to prevail in a groundwater system. However, transient effects may often dominate...
Modeled Hydraulic and Salt Transport Patterns in the Sacramento-San Joaquin Delta
Modeled hydraulic and salt transport patterns in the Sacramento-San Joaquin Delta have been summarized as the basis for detailed environmental assessment of proposed water management projects...
A Diffusion Hydrodynamic Model of a Shallow Estuary: Verification
Many of the hydrodynamic models used for estuary tidal flows and storm surges are based on two two-dimensional hydrodynamic equations which are obtained form the full three-dimensional...
The Courant Number and Unsteady Flow Computation
The Courant number C, the key to unsteady flow computation, is a ratio of physical wave velocity, ?, to computational signal-transmission velocity, ?, i.e., C = ?/?. In this way, it uniquely...
River Engineering Flows and Some Related Structures (State of the Art)
The first part of the paper deals with a simplified overall review of water flows. Laminar versus turbulent, visualization of flow with unsteady 3-D manner and some typical hydraulic structures...
A Culvert Analysis Program for Indirect Measurement of Discharge
A program based on the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) methods for indirectly computing peak discharges through culverts allows users to employ input data formats used by the water surface...
Analysis of Local Scour at Bridge Piers
Many studies have been performed on the cause and effects of local scour at bridge piers, and various prediction equations have been generated based on these studies. The general approach...
Simulation of 3D Free Surface Flows in Hydraulic Structure with Submerged Flow Passages
This paper presents primarily the results of an application of the newly refined computational simulation model to study three-dimensional flows in a lock and dam system, which has submerged...
Two Full-Scale Tests of Class 3 Composite Beams
This paper presents two tests of continuous composite beams comprising two 7.5 m spans and two concentrated loads close to the intermediate support. Although the cross-sections on the...
Slim-Floor Beams: Design Criteria and Structural Behaviour
Partially concrete-encased steel beams are mostly employed due to their natural resistance to fire, but there may also be other reasons, e.g. to obtain smaller depths of construction....
Thermal Shielding in Continuous Span Composite Slabs
The increasing popularity in Europe of composite slabs with cold-formed steel decking has underscored the need to improve calculation rules for the fire resistance. Existing rules have...
A Simple Finnish Method for the Structural Fire Design of Composite Structures
The structural fire design of composite structures in Finland has previously been based on furnace tests, which are expensive and take too much time to arrange. With the increasing prominence...
Comparison of Simple Calculation Methods for the Fire Design of Composite Columns and Beams
There is a need for approximate calculation methods to do the fire design of composite structures. Several of such methods for composite beams and columns have been compared to find out...
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