Economic Evaluation of Alternative Electric Power Developments
A hydroelectric-dominated power system and a thermal-dominated system represent different ways of meeting total electric demand, but with materially different cash flow patterns. This...
Insuring Security Requirements of Power Contracts
Under the fixed, or levelized rate utility contract, utility offers a fixed rate for the life of the contract. In the early years, the rate is in excess of the utility's avoided...
An Overview of the Implementation of PURPA
In November of 1978, Congress enacted a major piece of legislation that started a new direction in how energy resources in this country would be developed in the next decade. The Act,...
Risk Sharing in Project Development
This paper reviews some of the areas in which attention to detail can make the contractual relationship more positive and lead to a better project. Subjects covered include: selecting...
Analysis of Hydropower Cost Adjustments in the Southeast
This paper consists of: (1) an analysis of the current cost sharing for hydroelectricity production arrangements for the Federal projects currently classified as those whose electrical...
Checking Turbine Performance by Index Testing
This paper discusses an index testing procedure used by TVA for measuring performance levels of its hydroelectric units. It also describes a current program for retesting generating units...
Solar Ponds for Power and Water Quality Control
The status is provided on a solar pond test project in which the Bureau of Reclamation is involved in a cooperative effort with UTEP (The University of Texas at El Paso), Bruce Foods Corporation,...
Optimization of Low Head Hydro Equipment
In this paper, we will limit our purpose to the presentation of the different types of turbines that CE/Neyrpic proposes for low head power plants, for run of the river operations. We...
Small Kaplan Versus Tubular and Francis Turbines
Mossefossen Power Plant is situated in the centre of the small town Moss in the southern part of Norway. Water flows from an existing dam through a 9 m**2, 175m long tunnel to the powerhouse...
Interchangeable Runners Can Increase Energy Output
Interchangeable turbine runners can be used to increase energy generation at some hydroelectric power sites. Two different turbine runners can be designed for different design heads or...
Conventional Machinery/Unconventional Applications
The U. S. Bureau of Reclamation has become increasingly involved in small-scale hydroelectric projects involving unconventional applications for conventional hydraulic machinery. One ongoing...
Electrical Design of Small Hydro Plants
Major aspects of electrical design criteria for small hydro power plants used in co-generation schemes are: turbine control, generator and excitation equipment selection, protection relaying,...
Specification Writing for Small Hydro-Generators
For small hydro projects, it is all too common for the spec writer to use a convenient off-shelf spec usually written for a much larger unit. Minor modifications (primarily ratings) are...
Conversion Experience at the Chief Joseph Dam Project
In August, 1983, Woodward Governor Company was awarded U. S. Army Corps of Engineers contract DACW67-83-C-0076 to convert ten existing Allis-Chalmers and six existing Woodward Governor...
Experiences During Overhaul of Hydroelectric Units
This paper describes some of the conditions found during major overhaul of main units at two hydroelectric power plants. Problems encountered and their solutions are described. The effects...
More Kilowatts with Less Investment
The paper discusses partial or complete modernization of hydraulic units and/or governing system as a means to increasing profitability. A combination of general and case history applications...
Practical Aspects of Repairing and Rewinding Hydro-Electric Generators
Often the general condition of the winding can be assessed and in some cases, corrective action can be taken to prolong the life of the winding. In other situations, the assessment may...
Performance Consideration for Selecting a Static Excitation System
Many hydropower plants today are being upgraded with new static exciter/regulator systems to replace the old existing rotary exciters. One type of system is the semi-inverting system where...
Planning for Small-Scale Hydroelectric Development: A State Response
A 'surplus' of power in the Pacific Northwest region of the country has brought with it a declining interest in the generation of new electrical energy supplies....
Small Hydro Advocacy
The state public utilities commissions wield enormous power over the destiny of small hydro projects; power extending over rates, contract terms and dispute resolution. Yet developers...
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