Global Approaches for the Nonconvex Optimization of Pipe Networks
Because the pipe network problem is nonconvex, two global search schemes, MULTISTART and ANNEALING, are employed to permit a local optimum seeking method to migrate among various local...
Ground Water Management Standards and Protection Tools
Once local goals and objectives for ground-water protection have been defined, wellhead protection areas delineated, sources of contamination inventoried and assessed, management techniques...
Technical and Organizational Constraints on Surface and Groundwater Irrigation in Small-Holder Areas of S. Asia
Variable irrigation supply and the independent character of the S. Asian small-holder combine to present a difficult problem in irrigation management. Attempts to introduce advanced technology...
Monthly Water Balance for Blue Nile River Basin in Ethiopia
The objective of this study was to present existing stream flow data for the Blue Nile River and tributaries within the Blue Nile River basin in Ethiopia and to use that data to provide...
Ecological Considerations in Groundwater Management
A wide variety of potential effects of groundwater management on terrestrial vegetation and aquatic biota are described and illustrated with examples from California....
Coupled Simulation-Optimization Approach to Wellhead Protection Area Delineation to Minimize Contamination of Public Ground-Water Supplies
A loosely coupled simulation-optimization procedure is used to determine the steady-state pumping rates for individuals wells in a multiple well municipal wellfield that result in the...
Groundwater Contaminant Transport at a Hazardous Waste Disposal Site, Pullman, Washington
Groundwater contamination at a hazardous waste site near Pullman, Washington is simulated by a numerical model. The aquifer at the site is classified as an unconfined valley aquifer. Solute...
Investigation and Rehabilitation of the Moses Lake Larson Wellfield
In 1988, low levels of trichloroethylene (TCE) were detected in several of the Larson wells operated by the City of Moses Lake. The wells are up to 800 feet deep and are completed in fractured...
Optimal Strategy for Aquifer Remediation
A methodology for the restoration and cleanup of existing subsurface contaminated sites and for the contaminant of pollutants is developed. The remediation problem is posed as an optimization...
Artificial Recharge to Manage Groundwater Quality in a Connected Surface Water Groundwater System
Finite difference method is used to formulate the management problem of movement of water and solute in a connected surface water groundwater system. Pumped groundwater quality of conservative...
Developing, Managing, and Protecting Urban Aquifers in the Pacific Northwest
Water purveyors in the Puget Sound region have applied a variety of innovative techniques to effectively manage urban groundwater supplies from a quantity and quality perspective. Two...
Large-Scale Conjunctive Use of the San Gabriel Basin: An Environmentally Beneficial Water Supply Project
The 170-square-mile San Gabriel Basin in Los Angeles County, California, has commanded the attention of both water supply and environmental agencies because: (1) it is an idyllic natural...
Upper Guadalupe River Authority, Texas?Innovative Solution to Long-Term Water Needs
Through conjunctive use of groundwater and surface water, the Upper Guadalupe River Authority (UGRA) has designed a water supply system for the City of Kerrville, Texas that saves 80 percent...
Water Use Pattern of Residential and Commercial Customers
The availability of the Automatic Meter Reading (AMR) devices make it possible to read a large number of meters in a short period of time. Through the use of AMR, we monitored weekly water...
Low Flush Plumbing Fixtures and Wastewater Systems
The significance of low flush plumbing fixtures on the wastewater collection and treatment system serving a small community has been determined. Among the concerns studied were: functional...
Use of a Statistical Model to Forecast Future Wastewater Flows
Future wastewater flows are generally predicted based upon an assumed rate of population and industry growth within a treatment facility's area of influence. In a community with limited...
Impact of Groundwater Management Act and CAP Water Supply on Agricultural Water Conservation Programs
Irrigation districts in central Arizona have increased the tax assessments for their farms to pay for distribution systems to deliver Central Arizona Project (CAP) water. Many farms must...
Agricultural Water Conservation Programs in the Lower Colorado River Authority
Rice irrigation is the largest application of water within the area served by the Lower Colorado River Authority, accounting for approximately 75 percent of total annual surface and ground...
Seasonal Rates?The Pros and Cons: A Case Study
The Spring Valley Water Company, an investor owned water utility serving over 58,000 customers in Rockland County, New York, implemented a seasonal differential rate structure in 1980....
Optimal State Feedback Estimation in Groundwater: Application to Leaky Aquifers
The problem of groundwater flow in leaky aquifer is looked at from a stochastic point of view. Optimal estimation of hydraulic heads are achieved using Kalman filtering. The Kalman filtering...
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