Turbulent Velocity and Gas Concentration Measurements in the Near-Surface Layer
An experiment was undertaken to study the mechanism of interfacial mass transfer. Near-surface liquid turbulence and oxygen concentration fluctuations have been measured in a grid-stirred...
Development of Method for Measuring Near-Surface Turbulence
New techniques for tracking particles in fluid are presented. A method to make micro-capsules which are filled with pure water and covered with a thin film of polystyrene is developed....
Measurement of Wave-Induced Turbulent Flow Structures Using Digital Image Sequence Analysis
The turbulent flow in water close to the wavy wind-stressed water surface has been examined quantitatively in a large circular wind-water tunnel with a flow visualization method using...
A Fluorescence Technique to Measure Concentration Gradients near an Interface
A new fluorescence technique which measures the concentration profile in a mass transfer boundary layer is described. It uses a tracer whose fluorescent intensity is inversely proportional...
Regional Estimates of Gas Transfer Using an Airborne System
The aircraft-based eddy correlation technique was recently used to obtain regional observations of transfer processes of sensible and latent heat as well as carbon dioxide over wetlands...
Carbon Dioxide Pressure in Surface Waters of Canadian Lakes
Direct measurements of the partial pressure (pCO2) of carbon dioxide were made in lakes of three study areas: ELA (the Experimental Lakes Area) and...
Oxygen Transfer at Spillways
A relationship for oxygen transfer efficiency, E, at spillways and gated spillways with a hydraulic jump or plunge pool, has been developed from conceptual considerations and fit to measurements...
Structure of the Drift Current Observed Below Capillary-Gravity Waves
Measurements by laser-Doppler velocimeter were performed in a wind-wave tank to investigate the structure of the water surface boundary layer under capillary-gravity wind waves in the...
Water Surface Flow and Exchange Induced by a Bubble Plume
Aeration is a common method to increase dissolved oxygen in the water of stratified (or non-stratified) lakes. In this method compressed air is injected at some depth, and gas is transferred...
Lysimeters for Evapotranspiration and Environmental Measurements
Lysimeters have been used extensively in the past to provide baseline information for development, calibration, and validation of evapotranspiration methods. This proceedings,
Instrumentation for SASW Testing
The Spectral-Analysis-of-Surface-Waves (SASW) method is presented. Various test setups and corresponding data reduction procedures are discussed. Several instrumentation systems have been...
In-Situ Calibration of USGS Piezometer Installations
Among the few potentially liquefiable sites around the world that have been permanently instrumented with pore-pressure transducers and accelerometers, only the Wildlife Site in the Imperial...
Use of Bender Elements in Soil Dynamics Experiments
Transducers employing piezoelectric bender elements have been found to be versatile sources and receivers of small-amplitude shear waves, with multiple potential applications. The constitutive...
Multi-Directional Wave Velocity by Piezoelectric Crystals
Piezoelectric ceramics are successfully used to measure velocities of waves propagating through a dry granular material assembly. Several directional shear and compression waves are measured...
Use of Piezoceramic Bender Elements in Soil Dynamics Testing
The use of piezoceramic bender elements is described to measure small strain, shear wave velocity distributions in soil models used in centrifuge and shake table testing. Experimental...
A Study of Liquefaction Countermeasures for Manholes Under the Pavement
The gravel drain method has proven to be an effective countermeasure for underground structures in liquefying ground. However, due to the road pavement, there is no draining passage through...
Seismic Risk Assessments of Small Earth Dams
A procedure has been developed which attempts to assess the risk of damage or failure of small earth dams and embankments when subjected to seismic input motions. The procedure is based...
An Expert System for Diagnosis of Earthquake Proof for Underground Lifelines
This paper reports a fuzzy expert system for the diagnosis of earthquake proof of gas pipelines with the aid of OPS83 tool. The fuzzy theory was employed to estimate seismic risk on the...
Earthquake Loss Estimation Modeling of the Seattle Water System Using a Deterministic Approach
This paper summarizes the project and resulting report entitled Earthquake Loss Estimation Modeling of the Seattle Water System (Ballantyne, 1990) conducted under funding from the United...
Guide to the Use of the Wind Load Provisions of ASCE 7-88 (formerly ANSI A58.1)
The objective of the
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