Minimum Energy Loss and Velocity Profiles in Pipes
Minimum energy loss in a flow is discussed. The concept is applied to derive velocity distributions for laminar flow through a circular pipe and steady uniform turbulent flow through a...
Joint Consideration of Pipe Breakage and Pipe Flow Probabilities
Two issues of distribution network reliability, namely, probability of pipe failure and probability of the design flow being exceeded have been discussed. Expressions containing measures...
Water Distribution System Design by Chance-Constrained Model
The objective of this paper is to present an optimization model for the design of water distribution systems considering the uncertainty in required demands, required pressures, and pipe...
Model for the Optimal Rehabilitation and Replacement of Water Distribution System Components
The objective of the model presented is to determine the minimum cost solution, given the nonlinear nature of the equations required to describe the cost and the hydraulics of a water...
Embankment Overtopping?Case Histories
Because many existing dams are subject to overtopping, there is a need to understand embankment behavior during an overtopping event. Understanding of this behavior will allow evaluation...
Segregation of Sediment During Deposition
A laboratory experiment was conducted to investigate the segregation of sediment during deposition. Sediment eroded from an upslope source area of Blount silt loam was introduced to a...
Pipe Network Analysis on a Microcomputer
This paper reports on experience gained with the use of commercially available software for pipe network analysis. This information may be helpful to water system managers and consulting...
Input Programs for Engineering Applications
This paper discusses several input program types and the data structures associated with them. Two input programs were designed for KYPIPEF to demonstrate the use of files of records and...
Subsurface Drainage System for the Klamath Project
The U. S. Bureau of Reclamation's Klamath Project was authorized in 1905 for irrigation purposes. A subsurface drainage system was constructed in the public lands within the...
Detecting Underground Piping Leaks
Most leaks from underground liquid storage systems occur in the piping rather than the tank itself. The piping system is the most vulnerable component of the system, requiring great care...
Sewers Get a Breath of Fresh Air
Domestic sewage pump stations and treatment facilities have long been plagued by corrosion and odor problems caused by hydrogen sulfide. It is also extremely toxic. Sulfide production...
Sewer-Septic Tank Hybrid Promises Savings
Until recently the only options for sewage were the septic tank/leach field or conventional sewers. In some cases a hybrid of the two, called the septic tank/effluent drain, is less costly...
Earthquakes Will Not Damage This Bridge
A California pipeline bridge has been retrofitted with isolation bearings that damp earthquake shocks. The bridge over Southern California's Santa Ana River carries the Upper...
Solution to a Waterhammer Problem: A Case Study
Waterhammer is caused by a rapid change in the flow velocity of liquid in a pressurized pipeline. Therefore, the potential for waterhammer exists in almost every pressurized liquid piping...
Pipe-lining a Pipeline
This core prestressed concrete cylinder pipe is now lining the inside of a major water supply tunnel in Alaska. Occasionally found in rock tunnels, or buried pipelines, large diameter,...
Adfreeze Strength of Ice to Steel Pipe Piles as a Function of Temperature
A study was initiated to determine the adfreeze bond strength between steel pipe piles and freshwater ice as a function of temperature. Tests were conducted at an average strain rate of...
Alyeska Reroutes Trans-Alaska Pipeline at MP 200
This paper discusses the 1985 wintertime repair/reroute to the Trans Alaska Pipeline System (TAPS). The rerouted pipe was approximately 4000 feet long and cost approximately 27 million....
The Evolution of a Factory Insulated Piping System
This paper reviews the developments over the past fifteen years in a factory insulated high density polyethylene piping system that has become a standard for sewage and water piping systems...
Systems Model for Water Supply Following Earthquakes
The water supply for San Francisco is described with emphasis on the city's auxiliary water distribution network, which provides fire protection for the most heavily built-up...
The Effects of the 1985 Mexico City Earthquake on Underground Water & Sewer Pipelines
The 1985 Mexico City Earthquake left thousands dead and many thousands more without shelter. The visible damage was immense and terrible, and familiar to people around the world through...
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