Effect of Concentration on the Biological Degradation of Petroleum Hydrocarbons Associated with In Situ Soil-Water Treatment
Sandy soil samples contaminated with weathered JP-5 jet fuel were mixed with uncontaminated sand to provide a concentration gradient from 187 to 1565 mg total petroleum hydrocarbons (TPH)/Kg...
Biological Treatment of PAHs in Soil Residues in Simulated Land Treatment Systems
The lower molecular weight compounds (2 and 3 ring PAHs) are readily degraded by microorganisms. The heavier molecular weight PAH (polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon) compounds (4, 5 and...
Biological Methods Petroleum Hydrocarbons Cleanup
Cleanup of the ground water and soils from hydrocarbon spills has mainly focused on air stripping and activated carbon for ground-water treatment, and vapor extraction and excavation followed...
A New Turbulence Model: The k-?-S Model
A new turbulence model, the k-?-S( turbulent kinetic energy-dissipation-Stochastic theory) model, is presented. Instead of the Boussinesq eddy viscosity concept in the k-? -E( turbulent...
Compendium of International Ocean Energy Activities
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Electricity From Air
After a decade of research and dozens of feasibility studies at sites around the country, the first Compressed Air Energy Storage (CAES) plant in the U.S. is under construction at McIntosh,...
Energy Dissipation Structure for Fixed-Cone Valves
Results of a model study to investigate the hydraulic performance of a proposed energy dissipation structure for fixed-cone valves are presented. Procedures for estimating pressures and...
Underwater Tunnel Inspection by Virginia Power Using a Submersible Robot
The Bath County Pumped Storage Station, has three large tunnels linking the upper and lower reservoirs. The 'Hydrover' submersible remotely operated vehicle (ROV)...
The Development and Writing of the ASCE/EPRI Hydroelectric Guidelines
In the Spring of 1989, the American Society of Civil Engineers (ASCE) and the Electric Power Research Institute (EPRI) jointly published their Civil Engineering Guidelines for Planning...
Important Aspects of Annual Energy Calculation Techniques for Low Head Hydro Power Plants
Annual energy calculations are frequently used to optimize design parameters at a turbine site and to compare energy production based on equipment offers from various suppliers. In this...
Quantifying Uncertainty in Hydropower Planning
Power system operators must deal with various types of uncertainties. Some are related to inputs, such as system load and water supply, while others pertain to the system itself, such...
Joint Economic Evaluation of Pumped Storage in Colorado
This paper summarizes a joint planning study completed in December 1988 on the economic potential of pumped-storage development. The study was unusual in water development investigations...
Underwater Tunnel Inspection by Virginia Power Using a Submersible Robot
The Bath County Pumped Storage Station, jointly owned by Virginia Power and Allegheny Power systems and operated by Virginia Power, has three large tunnels linking the upper and lower...
Tunnels and Vertical Shafts for Pumped-Storage
Economic considerations are of primary importance to the planning and designing of pumped-storage in an electrical generation and distribution system. This paper deals with the optimum...
Relicensing: The New Rules of the Game
The Electric Consumer Protection Act of 1986 is an elaborate array of procedures and decisional standards that guide the Commission's consideration of both initial license and Federal...
Negotiating with State and Federal Fish and Wildlife Agencies
The Federal Power Act of 1920 (Act), as amended by the Electric Consumers Protection Act of 1986, requires that the Federal Energy Regulatory Commission, in order to adequately and equitably...
FERC's Experience in Analyzing Cumulative Impacts
Since the mid-1980's, the Federal Energy Regulatory Commission (Commission) has assessed cumulative impacts associated with developing proposed hydropower projects. A brief...
Extensive Civil Penalities Apply - FERC Takes Aim at Hydro Operators' Heads
On August 23, 1988, the FERC published rules implementing its new civil penalty assessment authority. Those rules raise various issues of concern for hydro operators, and additional issues...
Development of High Specific Speed Pump-Turbines
The operational range of pump-turbines is continually increasing, especially in the direction of high specific speed installation. In this context, high specific speed refers to units...
Design and Installation Concepts for High Capacity Pump/Turbines
This paper discusses the pre-planned field welding and machining operations utilized for six (6) large pump/turbines, each capable of 508 MW at Virginia Power Company's Bath...
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