U.S. Construction Aggregates
Crushed stone and sand and gravel are the two main sources of natural construction aggregates in the United States as well as in the world. At the beginning of the 20th century, the production...
Asphalt in the U.S. Transportation Infrastructure
Asphalt has been the major pavement material responsible for development of the transportation infrastructure enjoyed by American citizens. This paper addresses issues to be monitored...
The Future of Steel Structures
The future availability of steel as a construction material is covered in this paper. The advances in the material, design fabrication and erection are discussed. The quality and quantity...
Structural Wood Products
This paper provides a description of available structural wood products. Traditional products such as lumber and plywood are being supplemented by new products that include composite lumber...
Reliability Assessment of Wood Components
Considerable progress has been made in the nondestructive evaluation (NDE) of wood components since the introduction of the first concepts more than twenty-five years ago. New stress wave...
Wood Variability Effects in Structural Assessment
Engineers evaluating the load carrying capacities of in-service wood structures commonly determine the strength and stiffness properties of structural wood members by various assessment...
Effects of Physicochemical Factors on Asphalt Aging
A new model for asphalt oxidative aging is presented. The model proposes that the kinetics of low temperature aging in the pavement temperature range is largely governed by physicochemical...
Asphalt Age Hardening?Trends and Predictions
Pavement cracking is substantially related to the consistency of asphalt cement binders. The variation in hardness of binders is related primarily to asphalt characteristics, environment...
Recognition and Avoidance of Details That Adversely Affect the Performance of Exposed Wood Members
Factors that affect the deterioration of wood in structures are reviewed. Important points regarding wood-moisture relationships are noted. The requirements for decay of wood by fungi...
Protection of Wood Designs in Adverse Environments
Engineers and architects are becoming increasingly aware of the risks of poor wood design practices and the benefits of using wood properly. This paper addresses biological factors that...
Long-Term Performance Reliability of Wood Materials
The United States faces a major task in maintaining and rebuilding the nation's infrastructure in the 1990's and beyond. Economic constraints have limited funds...
Methods for Assessing Wood Structures in Place
The Forest Products Laboratory is developing a comprehensive guideline for assessing the condition of existing wood structures. This paper provides an overview of the current literature...
Field Installation of Strain Gaged Geotextiles
High-strength polyester geotextiles were used in two major Corps of Engineers projects: Wilmington Harbor, Del. and New Bedford, Mass. To verify design assumptions and as part of monitoring...
Use of Geogrids on Soft Deposits
The construction of highway embankments over soft and waste deposits required the use of geogrids as an economical alternate to conventional methods of 'remove and replace'....
Sawn Lumber in Bridge Construction
This paper covers many aspects of design and construction that affect the specifications of the sawn wood components of a highway bridge. The relationships between the grading rules for...
Glued Laminated Timber for Bridge Construction
Structural glued laminated timber (glulam) was first introduced into the U.S. as a construction material in 1934. With the development of fully waterproof adhesives in the 1940's,...
Structural Wood Composites in Bridge Construction
Wood composites, known collectively as Structural Composite Lumber (SCL), are a family of wood-based products that better utilize the available wood fiber of a tree. This paper describes...
Applications of Wood Materials for Innovative Bridge Systems
This paper describes completed research and the status of research underway on timber bridges that are part of the USDA Forest Service timber bridge initiative. The initiative includes...
Improved Prediction of Masonry Durability Through Advanced Materials Science Methods
Several trends in the use of materials in civil engineering have made it imperative to improve the ability to predict the durability of masonry. This will require more emphasis on materials...
Use of Voluntary Consensus Standards by the Bureau of Reclamation
This paper outlines how the Bureau of Reclamation has historically participated in standards development for emerging technologies, and how present standards are applied or adapted for...
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