Arizona's Metropolitan Travel Reduction Programs
This paper documents the short-term response to Arizona's metropolitan travel reduction programs. The Phoenix (Maricopa County) and Tucson (Pima County) programs were initiated in 1988....
Effectiveness of Implemented HOV Lane System
Individual carpool lanes have proven their worth on a case by case basis. Now, in California and across the country, systems of HOV lanes are being planned for urban areas dealing with...
Land Use, Transportation and Air Quality Relationships
Increasing land development densities and reducing suburban sprawl is frequently considered as a tool to reduce vehicle miles of travel and resultant air pollution emissions. Two studies...
Estimation of Travel Related Inputs to Air Quality Models
A major contribution to air pollution is vehicular travel, i.e., mobile sources. The estimation of pollutant emissions due to vehicular travel is a major task of air quality modeling....
VMT for Air Quality Purposes
This paper addresses VMT as one of the important parameters in air quality analysis. It covers three main topics: (1) The context in which VMT should be viewed as one parameter for measuring...
Generating Detailed Emissions Forecasts Using Regional Transportation Models: Current Capabilities and Issues
Mobile source emission estimates have long been calculated using composite emission factors (expressed as grams of emissions per mile) and estimates of vehicle-miles travelled. Techniques...
Integrated Software for Transportation Emissions Analysis
As the air pollution problem in the major metropolitan areas of the United States has increased, new interest has emerged for greater accuracy in the estimation of emissions from mobile...
Travel Markets: An Approach to TCM Effectiveness Evaluation
This discussion paper describes a new approach to TCM evaluation using a travel market concept to classify trip types based on expected elasticities to various TCMs. Conventional trip...
GIS for Transportation and Air Quality Analysis
Geographic Information Systems (GIS) promise significant potential to manage complex spatial data often required to address transportation and air quality analysis problems. However, this...
Evaluating the Effectiveness of Transportation Control Measures for San Luis Obispo County, California
The San Luis Obispo Air Pollution Control District has developed simple techniques to estimate emission reductions from various Transportation Control Measures. Accurate emission estimates...
Laboratory Tests of Modal Emissions and Off-Cycle Corrections to FTP-75
The modeling of emissions from on-road mobile sources is an on-going process. Two broad topics which are currently under study are the evaluation of driving cycles and the development...
In-Use Emissions with Today's Closed-Loop Systems
Closed-loop emission control systems were adopted by most motor vehicle manufacturers on a wide-spread basis in model year 1981, in order to meet the 1981 and later Federal exhaust emission...
Characteristics of MOBILE4 and EMFAC7E Models
Several recent studies (e.g., Lawson et al., 1990; Ingalls, 1989) have indicated that the EPA and ARB vehicle emission factor models MOBILE4 and EMFAC7E underpredict in-use vehicle emission...
Intersection Air Quality Analysis
Methods of carbon monoxide concentration estimation at or near intersections have recently undergone scrutiny with resulting debate on the proper and accurate ways to make these estimates...
Modeling Guideline for Air Quality Analysis of Intersections
Model evaluations have been performed testing eight different models for the ability to estimate carbon monoxide near intersections. These evaluation results along with the need for updated...
Developing Protocols for Motor Vehicle Air Quality Modeling
This paper is directed to air quality analysts. It examines the issues surrounding a modeling protocol and how to work effectively with a traffic engineer on a project to model carbon...
Integrating Traffic and Air Quality Modeling Techniques to Predict Pollutant Concentrations Near Intersections
Many cities are considering transportation management measures and/or tailpipe emission controls to reduce the pollution associated with traffic congestion. A major difficulty is the expensive...
The Effectiveness of Telecommuting as a Transportation Control Measure
This paper examines the potential of telecommuting as a strategy for managing travel demand. In particular, the paper focuses on the travel and air quality implications of telecommuting....
Integrated Assessment of Environmental Risk and Human Response
Meaningful risk assessment for environmental problems requires an integrated consideration of physical science and human behavioral issues. This is particularly true when dissaggregate...
Experimental Study of the Transient Temperature Distributions in Concrete
A small scale, preliminary experimental effort to quantify the randomness of the thermal diffusivity of concrete has been undertaken. Two sets of cylinders have been instrumented with...
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