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Characteristics of MOBILE4 and EMFAC7E Models
Several recent studies (e.g., Lawson et al., 1990; Ingalls, 1989) have indicated that the EPA and ARB vehicle emission factor models MOBILE4 and EMFAC7E underpredict in-use vehicle emission...

Modeling Guideline for Air Quality Analysis of Intersections
Model evaluations have been performed testing eight different models for the ability to estimate carbon monoxide near intersections. These evaluation results along with the need for updated...

Developing Protocols for Motor Vehicle Air Quality Modeling
This paper is directed to air quality analysts. It examines the issues surrounding a modeling protocol and how to work effectively with a traffic engineer on a project to model carbon...

Integrating Traffic and Air Quality Modeling Techniques to Predict Pollutant Concentrations Near Intersections
Many cities are considering transportation management measures and/or tailpipe emission controls to reduce the pollution associated with traffic congestion. A major difficulty is the expensive...

Integrated Assessment of Environmental Risk and Human Response
Meaningful risk assessment for environmental problems requires an integrated consideration of physical science and human behavioral issues. This is particularly true when dissaggregate...

Quantitative Risk Assessment and Technology Transfer: Software Developments
A risk-based adaptation of the hydroeconomic model for estimating the expected annual damages of floods is presented in a spreadsheet environment. The model demonstrates how commercially...

Optimal Flood Warning Threshold: A Case Study in Connellsville, Pennsylvania
A methodology for selecting an optimal flood-warning threshold has been developed by Haimes et al. (1990). The probabilistic evaluation of a forecast system coupled with a stochastic dynamic...

Optimal Discretization of Random Fields for SFEM
A new method for discretization of random fields (representation in terms of random variables) is introduced based on the principle of optimal linear estimation theory. The method is more...

Application of the Sampling Theorem to the Representation of Random Fields
A new parametric model is developed for homogeneous Gaussian random fields based on a generalization of the sampling theorem. The model depends linearly on a finite set of discrete values...

Pseudo-Simulation Method for Stochastic Problems
A new numerical method for problems of stochastic mechanics and other areas involving a small number of random parameters is presented. It is analogous to the Monte-Carlo simulation method...

Reliability Analysis of Uncertain Systems Under Random Loadings
This study considers the reliability assessment of uncertain systems under random loadings. The fast integration method (Wen and Chen, 1987) in conjunction with a second order asymptotic...

Stochastic Dynamics of Hysteretic Systems
A frequency domain method is discussed in order to evaluate the second order statistical response of nonlinear hysteretic structures. Both shear type systems and lumped mass frames involving...

Use of Importance Sampling Constraints in System Optimization
An important application of system reliability analysis is to incorporate overall system risk as a constraint in a structural optimization. The paper describes the use of Monte Carlo Importance...

Updating of Dynamic Structural Systems by Learning
Many techniques have been developed to identify structural system parameters; however, they are generally restricted to parameter identification within the framework of an equivalent structure...

Extended Kalman Filter-Finite Element for Geotechnical Problems
A parameter identification method has been developed in geotechnical engineering problems, where the extended Kalman filter-weighted local iteration procedure is developed incorporated...

Parameter Estimations of Structural Dynamic Systems
In this paper, time-domain methods for estimating the system parameters and the modal properties of linear structural dynamic systems are studied. The autoregressive and moving average...

Critical Issues Related to a Combined Probabilistic Numerical Analysis of Contaminant Transport in Porous Media
Reliability algorithms provide attractive alternatives to Monte Carlo simulation and stochastic perturbation approaches for probabilistic analysis of contaminant transport in porous media....

A Criticism of Statistical Methods in Probabilistic Models in Structural Reliability
The usual statistical models, classical and Bayesian, are not well suited for problems of structural reliability, since here we have rarely as assumed for these models a sequence of identical...

Experiences with Experimental Design Schemes for Failure Surface Estimation and Reliability
When using FORM and SORM to predict the probability of failure for a structural component a model for the failure function has to exist. For certain structural components a mechanical...

Earthquake Ground Motion Modeling with Stochastic Line Source
Principles of geophysics and stochastics are applied to develop an earthquake model, in which the earth medium is idealized as consisting of stratified elastic layers, responding to seismic...

 

 

 

 

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