Low Flush Plumbing Fixtures and Wastewater Systems
The significance of low flush plumbing fixtures on the wastewater collection and treatment system serving a small community has been determined. Among the concerns studied were: functional...
Challenges in Implementing the Use of Reclaimed Water
The State of Washington is currently in the process of adopting standards for use of reclaimed water on land. CH2M HILL recently has finished two feasibility level studies for reuse projects...
The City of Los Angeles Gray Water Pilot Project Shows Safe Use of Gray Water is Possible
A year-long study of eight residential gray water systems was conducted in the City of Los Angeles. Soils irrigated with gray water were compared monthly with soils irrigated with municipal...
Bellingham Frozen Foods Spray Irrigation System Operations
Bellingham Frozen Foods is a major vegetable processor located in northwestern Washington state. During the mid-1980's, the city of Bellingham began to upgrade the treatment of wastewater....
EBMUD's Approach to Demand Reduction
The East Bay Municipal Utility District (EBMUD) supplies water to more than 1.2 million people in the East Bay area of California. The District has developed a comprehensive plan to deal...
Residential Water Conservation and Reuse Demonstration: Casa Del Agua and Desert House
Occupied single-family homes can provide factual data as well as create an active real-world setting for education of the public. The installation of water-efficient fixtures, rainwater...
Agricultural Water Conservation Programs to Improve Water Use Efficiency
California's growing population poses an ever increasing demand for water from the existing limited and scarce water resources of the State. In addition the continuation of six years of...
Impact of Groundwater Management Act and CAP Water Supply on Agricultural Water Conservation Programs
Irrigation districts in central Arizona have increased the tax assessments for their farms to pay for distribution systems to deliver Central Arizona Project (CAP) water. Many farms must...
Price Elasticity and Conservation Potential
Water conservation programs usually contain pricing incentives for users to limit water consumption. This analysis uses data from the Portland, Oregon water system as an example of both...
Seasonal Rates?The Pros and Cons: A Case Study
The Spring Valley Water Company, an investor owned water utility serving over 58,000 customers in Rockland County, New York, implemented a seasonal differential rate structure in 1980....
The Evolution of Conservation Rates in Phoenix, Arizona
Conservation or increasing block rates first implemented in Phoenix, Arizona in 1982 were reexamined by a three year study involving Water Department staff, a Citizen Rates Committee and...
Flow Investigation for Landfill Leachate
A two-dimensional unsteady-state moisture flow model has been developed in order to describe the leachate flow process in a landfill. The unsteady variation of leachate mound head has...
The PULSEQUAL Model: Using Combinations of Simple Mathematical Equations to Evaluate Complex Storm Effects on Water Quality
Storm discharges (stormwater and combined sewer overflows) have transient and highly variable impacts on receiving waters. Simple water quality equations have been developed to accurately...
Implementing a Watershed Plan for Lake Stevens
The water quality of Lake Stevens is declining because of watershed nonpoint pollution and cycling of nutrients from lake sediments. Hypolimnetic aeration and an alum treatment are proposed...
Design of Aquatic Treatment Systems
This paper describes the design parameters and operating procedures used for a nonpoint pollution/stormwater treatment facility known as an Aquatic Treatment System to be located in the...
Urban Stormwater Runoff Control System?Village of Skokie, Illinois
Combined sewer systems in many communities lack the capacity to convey stormwater runoff from even small to moderate storm. This inadequate capacity, in turn, causes basement flooding...
Combined Sewer Overflow Abatement Planning Based on SWMM EXTRAN Modeling
This paper discusses use of the Storm Water Management Model (SWMM), with the EXTRAN block as the hydraulic transport mechanism, as a tool for developing a facilities plan for abating...
Receiving Water Quality Bases for Evaluating CSO Control Alternatives
Waters receiving combined sewer overflow loadings in the vicinity of Bangor, Maine include the Kenduskeag Stream and the Penobscot River. The city's facilities planning effort was performed...
Application of the Storm Water Management Model in Evaluating Combined Sewer Overflows
This paper summarizes the application of the stormwater Management Model (SWW) to isolate the contributions of Combined Sewer Overflows (CSOs) to a receiving water. The CSO discharges...
The Kettering Community Demonstration Project Non-Point Pollution Control and Environmental Enhancement Program
With the advent of the U.S. EPA's municipal/ industrial NPDES and Coastal Zone Management programs the development of effective non-point pollution control programs has become the most...
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