Design of Groins on the Middle Rio Grande
The Albuquerque Projects Office of the Bureau of Reclamation wanted to use groins in place of revetments at two sites on the Rio Grande. The Bureau of Reclamation has limited experience...
Preventing Stilling Basin Abrasion
A 1:10 scale physical hydraulic model of Taylor Draw Dam outlet works was used to develop modifications to prevent back flow intake of rock into the stilling basin. Much of the back flow...
A Review of Sediment-Water Column Process Modeling and Future Applications in Waste Load Allocation
The capabilities of empirical modeling techniques are discussed and three promising mechanistic models to simulate sediment-water interactions are reviewed with respect to their possible...
Three-Dimensional Modeling of Transport of Fine Sediments and Contaminants in Lakes and Estuaries
The transport of fine sediments and contaminants due to currents and wind waves in estuaries and lakes have been studied by means of field experiment, laboratory experiment and a comprehensive...
Submerged Vane Projects for Bank Stabilization and Sedimentation Management
Submerged vanes are small flow training devices placed in a stream to eliminate or create secondary currents to direct sediment in a controlled fashion. In recent years submerged vanes...
Innovative Reregulation Weirs for Dam Releases
Two different reregulation weir designs for dam release improvement are discussed. A porous timber crib is favored for applications where increased minimum flow is needed, and a labyrinth...
Hydraulic Features of Flexible Curtains Used for Selective Withdrawal
Flexible curtain barriers are being investigated as a way to modify power penstock intakes to achieve selective withdrawal. The curtain barrier controls the elevation from which water...
Modeling and Field Experiments for Tracer Gas Tests
Numerical modeling and field experiments were used to extend the tracer gas technique for determining surface gas transfer rates to shallow bays. Two-dimensional modeling was used to investigate...
Field Verification of Diffuser Performance
Effluent diffusers are used to gain relief from end-of-pipe acute toxicity criteria in NPDES water quality-based discharge permitting. Regulatory agencies require that the dilution provided...
Hatchie River and Schoharie Creek Bridge Failures
Within a 2-year period two large bridges collapsed into flooded rivers resulting in a total of 18 people plunging to their deaths. Both bridges had been inspected by probing, but had not...
Bridge Scour Vulnerability Assessment
Although the failure of the New York Throughway bridge over Schoharie Creek in 1987 has focused national attention on scour related failures, other failures reinforce the need for implementing...
Bridge Inspections Related to Bridge Scour
The failure of the Silver Bridge over the Ohio River in Point Pleasant, West Virginia, on December 15, 1967 resulted in the establishment of the National Bridge Inspection Standards (NBIS)...
A National Bridge Scour Data Collection Program
A study to collect and analyze field measurements of bridge scour is being conducted by the U.S. Geological Survey in cooperation with the Federal Highway Administration. The primary objective...
Evolution of Appropriate Technology
Although appropriate technology has been practiced since the beginning of people on earth, the inventiveness of the 20th century is forcing engineers (and others) to look at the multitude...
Environmental Considerations in Sustainable Development and the Application of Appropriate Technology
A fundamental appropriate technology concept is that technologies, as well as the development process, must be environmentally sound. As stated by the United Nations' World...
Health Benefits From the Use of Appropriate Technologies in Water Supply and Sanitation
Research on selected diseases in developing countries has found significant health impacts from water supply and sanitation interventions. Sanitation, personal and domestic hygiene, and...
Local Resources in Developing Country Water Supplies
Maximizing the use of local resources in water supply projects can expand markets for locally produced equipment and materials, reduce exports and minimize expenditures of hard currency...
Tailwater Concerns and the History of Turbine Aeration
All new proposals for hydropower development and many of the almost 300 hydroelectric projects which will be relicensed before 2000 will have to address the issue of minimum dissolved...
Overview of Autoventing Turbine Technology Development Project
Low concentrations of dissolved oxygen (DO) in the discharge of hydro plants represent one of the most significant environmental concerns confronting the hydropower industry. This is especially...
Model Tests for the Evaluation of Auto-Venting Hydroturbines
The most significant environmental problem for many hydroelectric facilities is the water quality of turbine discharges. The primary water quality problem is often low dissolved oxygen...
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