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Diagnostic Testing and Repair of Grand Rapids Generating Station's Unit Four
This paper is a case history that discusses diagnosis and correction of a variable pitch propeller type (Kaplan) hydraulic turbine problem. The turbine problem involved fatigue failures...

Pressure-Time Method Using Modern Practices
Over the past twenty years, Hydro-Quebec has modernized the pressure-time method of flow measurement, a method which is generally economical but sometimes difficult to apply. Starting...

Vibration of Penstocks in Hydroelectric Installations
In many penstocks and pump discharge lines of turbines and pumps, pipe vibrations have been observed. Many of these installations have blade and vane arrangements other than the classic...

Some Unusual Vibrations in Hydro Machinery
Most hydro machinery engineers have read the textbook cases of self-exited and flow induced vibrations. Usually such textbook vibrations are only found in the text book! In the real world,...

Turbines and Pump Turbines for Ultra High Heads
The paper describes the turbine development in Norway as background for high head turbine technology and shows a typical Norwegian high head Francis as an example. High head reversible...

Case Study in the Upgrade and Rehabilitation Techniques of a Pumped Storage Installation
This paper presents a specific case study in the runner upgrade and unit rehabilitation of two pump/turbines at the Seneca Powerhouse. The study addresses the modern optimized designs...

Application of Personal Computers to Field Flow Measurement
Flow measurements are often necessary to verify the performance of hydro turbines for regulatory, contractual, or engineering purposes. Historically, several methods utilizing various...

History of Lysimeter Design and Use for Evapotranspiration Measurements
Lysimeters are devices for measuring percolation of water through soils and sampling soil water for chemical analyses. Lysimeters have been used for over 300 years to determine water use...

History of Lysimeter Design and Effects of Environmental Disturbances
A brief history of developments in lysimeter design is indicated. Disturbances introduced by the measurement system on the surrounding environment are discussed. The use of weighing lysimeters...

Development of Hanford Site Lysimeter Facilities
Lysimeters have been constructed at the Hanford Site near Richland, Washington to quantify mechanisms that affect migration of radioactive and hazardous waste in geologic media. The history...

Automated Lysimeter for Irrigation and Drainage Control
Knowledge of crop evapotranspiration (ET_c), the combined process of evaporation and plant transpiration, is important in agriculture for scheduling...

Large, Monolithic, Weighing Lysimeters
Monolithic lysimeters preserve existing vegetation and soil properties that can be destroyed by excavation and filling. Site preparation for constructing large, monolithic lysimeters includes...

UCD Drag Plate Lysimeter?Momentum and Mass Transfers
The second large (6.1 m dia., 0.97 m deep) lysimeter built at the University of California, Davis (UCD) was largely the brainchild of Dr. F.A. Brooks, the initial Project leader of a U.S....

Lysimeter Use in Water Resources Research in China
The type, structure, development and application of lysimeter in China are reviewed in this paper. The construction and experimental observation of large non-weighing lysimeter in Ranzhuang...

Electronic Lysimetry for Hydrologic Studies
Purpose, definition and technology of lysimetry are in constant evolution. The flexure scale used here is a frictionless weighing machine, sturdy and precise. Electronics are necessary...

Lysimeter Studies in Irrigated Soils of South Eastern Australia
The Riverine Plain of south eastern Australia is an extensive, predominantly clay soil area with large surface irrigation schemes. Early lysimeter installations were used to estimate evaporative...

Lysimeter-based Water Balance Study in Japan
Research on the water balance of agricultural land has been conducted using lysimeters for various objectives in Japan since the 1950s. In this paper, research for two major objectives...

Lysimeter Use in Water Rights Determination
In the Western United States, a water right (the legal right to divert water from a stream) is a property right. The impact a water right has upon a stream is commonly defined through...

Precision Lysimetry in France
After a definition of the parameters to be measured, a possible reasoning is presented for the construction of a weighing lysimeter. A number of factors have to be taken in account: the...

Direct Load Cell-Based Weighing Lysimeter System
A low-cost weighing lysimeter system is described which is capable of measuring evapotranspiration with an accuracy of 0.05-0.10 mm. A two-lysimeter system with electronic data logger...

 

 

 

 

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