Proportioning Reinforcement for Buried Concrete Pipe
The proportioning of reinforcement between inner and outer cages that is specified in ASTM Standard Specification C76 for concrete pipe in sewer and culvert applications is examined in...

Influence of Frost Action on the Load Exerted on Buried Pipe
When work was started on revising the Swedish code for concrete pipes at the end of the 70's, a research project was carried out to evaluate the risk of increased load due...

Reliability Evaluation of Water Distribution System Components
Reliability engineering concepts are substantially developed and have been routinely and successfully applied to the evaluation of electrical and mechanical components. However, these...

Solving the Two-Dimensional Diffusion Flow Model
A simplification of the two-dimensional (2-D) continuity and momentum equations is the diffusion equation. To investigate its capability, the numerical model using the diffusion approach...

Pressurization and Depressurization in Pipe Flows
When a closed conduit drainage system is subjected to variable inflow rates, the change in flow regimes between free surface flow and pressurized flow may take place. A rising hydrograph...

Microcomputers in Hydraulics-Hydrology Education
Microcomputer software is utilized for pipe network analysis, unsteady flow in pipelines, watershed modeling, flood studies, reservoir operations, dam break analysis, and groundwater systems...

Overtopping of Small Dams?An Alternative for Dam Safety
A research effort was initiated in 1983 by the Bureau of Reclamation to gain insight in the development of cost-effective modifications to small embankment dams which would enable them...

Transients in Empty Pipes Subject to Rapid Filling
A mathematical model was developed to simulate the pipe filling process and the pipe forces based on incompressible water column theory. The method easily accomodates appropriate boundary...

Analysis of Resonance in Pressurized Piping Systems Via a Microcomputer
In this paper a digital simulation technique for the analysis of resonance is presented that is appropriate for microcomputer applications. The model utilizes the transfer matrix method...

Quick Stroking: A Fast and Accurate Algorithm for Time-Optimal Valve Closure Synthesis
In this paper, a fast, simple, yet effective technique for valve motion synthesis is developed. This technique called Quick Stroking is applied to a practical example problem, and it may...

Toward User-Oriented Failure Management Strategies for the Morgantown People Mover
The Morgantown People Mover (MPM) is the most sophisticated automated people movers in the United States. It is the only one that offers 'personalized' service...

An In-Plane Finite Element Model for Brick Masonry
A finite element model for brick masonry is reported. The model takes account of non linear deformations and progressive local failure. The failure may occur in the joints alone or in...

Shear Design of Masonry Walls
The paper presents a summary of a research project carried out at the Swiss Federal Institute of Technology Zurich to develop a design method based on the ultimate strength of masonry...

Notes on Statistics of Failures of Constructed Works
This paper is concerned with both catastrophic and sub-catastrophic failures, which may be categorized into three types: Safety (type S), Functional (type F), and Ancillary (type A). Often...

Failure Statistics Categorized by Cause and Generic Class
Failures can be classified into the three categories, ie. , SAFETY, FUNCTIONAL, and ANCILLARY. Within the causation definition, failures fall into five general areas: DESIGN DEFICIENCIES;...

Failure Investigation Process
The purpose of this paper is to consider the present failure investigation process, in order to assess whether failures are being properly investigated, and also whether sufficient information...

Alternative Procedures for Investigating Failures
Failures of engineered structures continue to occur. This is despite rapid advances in engineering theory, new, more sophisticated methods of analysis, and streamlined techniques for preparing...

Information Availability
There seems to be a great deal of concern about lack of availability of information concerning the results of failure investigations. In most court cases there is virtually no technical...

Failure Information Needs in Civil Engineering
If we are to learn from failures of engineered facilities, failure information must be in a useful form, and it must reach those who can effect improved practice. This paper discusses,...

Learning from Failures
Modern technology and innovation have created a gap between what the design drawings predict with respect to safety and serviceability of a structure and the real safety and serviceability...

 

 

 

 

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