Incident Solar Flux at Fixed Orientations
Optimal orientations are computed to maximize or minimize the incident solar flux onto surfaces on spacecraft at fixed attitudes. This analysis was motivated by a potential need to optimize...
Large Space Systems in Global Change Mitigation
Alternative courses of action are an important aspect of reacting to climate changes, including the greenhouse effect, and other environmental issues such as depletion of the ozone layer....
A Mission to Earth: Global Rural Electrification
No nation can long remain morally strong or economically competitive without an inner purpose. There are many noble projects but few which will both kindle the individual's...
Composting for Lunar Agriculture
Alternative technologies for the microbially mediated biological oxidative transformation (composting) of human wastes and other organic wastes are presented. Batch mode and continuous...
Fluid Behavior Considerations for Waste Management in Low-Gravity Environments
Design of waste recycling systems for spacecraft requires a knowledge of fluid behavior in microgravity. As gravity is reduced, phenomena usually ignored in the One-G environment of earth...
Power for Magma Electrolysis
This paper summarizes qualitative issues of electrical power distribution for near-term lunar facilities. The issues to be discussed were developed during a conceptual study of a Lunar...
Black Holes
For many years, scientists have searched the skies for black holes; stars even more massive than white dwarves. As of yet, there have been no 100% sure sightings. Since they do not emit...
Space Power Systems?Radiation: Energy Conversion
Pair production is a way to change a photon, a gamma particle, into matter or energy. It is found that if a photon of energy greater than 1.02 MeV strikes a foil containing a large number...
Benefits of Radioisotope Thermoelectric Generators
Since the 1960's the United States has had the capability to reach beyond the planet Earth with the aid of satellites and interplanetary space probes. As probes such as the...
Renovating the Riverside Water Plant?A Case Study
In 1986, the City of Waco, Texas began construction of the first of four projects designed to renovate the Riverside Water Treatment Plant. The water treatment plant was originally constructed...
The Use of Submersible ROVs for the Inspection and Repair of Water Conveyance Tunnels
At Virginia Power's Bath County Pumped Storage Station, robotic technology was pioneered through the development of a purpose-built Remotely Operated Vehicle (ROV) to gain...
A Methodology for Optimal Control of Pump Stations
Pumping water to utility customers is an expensive service which consumes large amounts of energy. Most approaches to date require simplifications and assumptions for the specific system...
Infrastructure Investment During a Boom/Bust Cycle
During a boom period, a utility can find itself in a position where the usual rules of thumb for making investment decisions are no longer trusted. If the utility enters the boom period...
Probabilistic Analysis of Maintenance Options
Maintenance usually means service disruption, repair cost and loss of production. This is especially true for structures or components which provide basic infrastructure services, such...
Realities of Infrastructure Financing
Federal financing of water supply and water treatment projects will continue to decrease as capital demands continue to increase for expansion of water supply, to replace aging systems,...
Recognizing Institutional Barriers in Regionalizing Water Supply Infrastructure
The Northern Colorado Water Conservancy District (District) is conducting a study to determine the feasibility of implementing expanded regional cooperation for future municipal and industrial...
Capital Improvements Financing and Planning After a Natural Disaster
The Pima County Wastewater Department (PCWWMD) provides collection, treatment and disposal of wastewater in metropolitan Tucson, Arizona, and various outlying areas. In October 1983, severe...
Developing a Privately Owned Utility in Florida: Financing and Cash Flow
Private developers of a 5,000-acre master-planned community in Sarasota, Florida, were required to provide their own wastewater treatment plants as a condition for obtaining permits. After...
Water Utility Demand Forecasting Using Lotus 1-2-3 Spreadsheet
In this study, a technique has been developed using Lotus 1-2-3 spreadsheet for distributing projected populations to small sectors throughout the study area. This procedure divides the...
Expert System for Budget Preparation and Optimal Operation of an Interconnected Power Utility
Manitoba Hydro operates a complex system of 13 reservoirs, 2 thermal and 13 hydro generating stations, and 9 interconnections to other neighbouring power utilities. The Energy Management...
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