Reliance on Structural Controls for Water Supply Protection in Urbanizing Watersheds
The watershed is the source of pollutants which can contaminate the water supply reservoir. It is far preferable to implement an affordable watershed management plan that keeps contaminants...
Groundwater Contamination from an Unlined, Poorly Capped Landfill
This paper presents a case study of groundwater and surface water contamination from a major, unlined, and poorly capped municipal landfill located in Western Washington. The landfill...
Combining Groundwater Simulation and Nonlinear Optimization Models
An approach is presented for linking groundwater simulation models with nonlinear optimization algorithms. The approach involves the solution of a reduced optimization model in which the...
Risk Management for Groundwater Contamination: Fuzzy Set Approach
A methodology is developed for health risk management under uncertainty, using fuzzy sets. Groundwater nitrate contamination illustrates the methodology. A risk management framework is...
Effects & Risk Analysis for Time Variable Exposures
The effects of toxicants on organisms in natural settings are a function of both the variations in exposure concentrations and duration of exposure. This paper present analysis procedures...
Measuring Benefits of Water Supply Projects
Various approaches are used to determine the value of water supply projects. Deterministic methods will lead to biased valuation of additional supplies of water. Calculation of risk premium...
Some Hydrological Impacts of Climate Change for the Delaware River Basin
To gain insight into possible impacts of climate change on water availability in the Delaware River, two models are linked. The first model is a monthly water balance model that converts...
Predicting Effects of Global Climate Change on Reservoir Water Quality and Fish Habitat
This paper demonstrates the use of general circulation models (GCMs) for assessing global climate change effects on reservoir water quality and illustrates that general conclusions about...
Non-Point Source Contamination of Aquifers
The paper discusses a new method for simulating the movement of contaminants from a diffuse source at the soil surface through a variably-saturated porous medium. The method accounts for...
Analysis of Uncertainty in Ground-Water Quality Monitoring Network Design
The paper reviews alternative approaches to ground-water quality monitoring network design. Four general approaches to network design are reviewed: (1) hydrogeologic, (2) simulation, (3)...
Optimization of a Groundwater Well Monitoring Network
An optimization model is presented for the design of a well monitoring network for groundwater quality and quantity parameters. The model utilizes a geostatistical procedure to estimate...
Modeling Volatile Organic Transport with Vapor Sorption
A flexible finite element simulation model is developed to predict the movement of volatile organic compounds in variably saturated subsurface regions. The model incorporates both the...
Groundwater Quality Network Design
This paper presents a methodology that uses optimization for designing a groundwater monitoring network. The methodology incorporates parameter estimation in conjunction with a numerical...
Analysis of Groundwater Quality: A Database Application for the Nassau County, NY, Water Management Plan
Nassau County, Long Island, New York is presently developing a Comprehensive Water Management Plan. To determine the extent and trends in nitrate contamination of the groundwater, a preliminary...
Spills: The Human-Machine Interface State of Our Knowledge
The International Joint Commission on the Great Lakes has entered into agreements on Great Lakes water quality. Many of the 3000 significant spills that occur in the Great Lakes Basin...
Human Error: A Major Cause of Spills
Accidental spills and releases of toxic and hazardous releases is a much greater problem than realized. While data reporting systems do noe adequately account for human error as a causal...
Oil Spill Impacts on Aquifers
This study attempts to evaluate the seismic hazards along a forty inch pipeline and the impact of a pipeline rupture in the recharge area of the aquifer serving most of West Tennessee....
Key Environmental Development Issues
Environmental statutes dealing with the control of pollutants generally regulate precriptively, establishing both technical standards, relating to discharges and their effect on the environment,...
Vaporizing VOCs
The authors summarize the findings of a study for the Environmental Protection Agency on vapor extraction of volatile organic compounds from soils. The potential for ground water contamination...
Remediating A Fire Site
Machin and Ehresmann describe remediation of a 15 acre fire site at Fort Huachuca, Ariz. An investigation after the fire showed that all of the debris contained asbestos. Sampling confirmed...
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