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Use of Rigid Insulation Below Grade for Roadways and Parking Areas
Minnesota Power's Herbert Service Center is located 3 miles north of downtown Duluth, Minnesota. The facility, constructed in 1967, consists of primary buildings, cold storage...

Future Technology for Disbonding Snow and Ice from Pavements
Current techniques to remove ice and compacted snow from pavement surfaces are costly because they needlessly crush or melt most of the ice layer. Also, in many cases they do not accomplish...

Treatment of Unstable Foundation Areas in Alaska's Pavement Management System
In the State of Alaska Department of Transportation and Public Facilities Pavement Management System (PMS) unstable foundation areas are defined as sections of roadway that experience...

Small-Scale Meteorology of Freezing Precipitation
Freezing rain and glazing are extremely disruptive to transportation, communication and power transmission. Local variations in the occurrence of freezing rain may be difficult to forecast....

Minnesota Road Research Project - An Overview
The Minnesota Department of Transportation in cooperation with the Federal Highway Administration and the Local Roads Research Board of Minnesota is constructing the Minnesota Road Research...

Analysis of Soil-Stress Cell Interaction
Static loading experiments conducted on a soil stress cell embedded in a sand are presented. Stress cell performance was evaluated by comparing the indicated stress against the expected...

On the Constitutive Behavior of Single Ice Crystals Due to Dislocation Mechanisms
A three-dimensional constitutive relation is derived for single ice crystals. The formulation is developed in terms of dislocation processes on the basal, prism, and pyramidal planes....

Visco-elasticity and the Compressive Failure of Polycrystalline Ice
The analysis of the visco-elasticity of polycrystalline ice is addressed. Experimental results on isotropic and anisotropic polycrystalline ice are presented, which indicate that intracrystalline...

Anelastic Straining in Polycrystalline Ice
This paper presents experimental observations on the influence of stress, grain size and total strain level on the magnitude of anelastic strain in granular freshwater ice. Cyclic loading...

Microstructure and Mechanical Behaviour of Ice
Short descriptions are given for ice in nature, test methods used to evaluate their deformation behaviour and, a general microstructure-based constitutive equation. Equations suitable...

Fractal Crushing
This paper develops an approach to a two-dimensional fragmentation process, in which floating ice floes are driven against each other and break up into smaller floes. It first considers...

Effect of Grain Size Variation on Damage in Polycrystalline Ice
This paper studies the effect of grain size distributions on damage accumulation in polycrystalline ice under uniaxial compression. The numerical results are derived from the internal-variable...

The Ductile-Brittle Transition in Ice & Size Effect
This paper considers the ductile to brittle transition in ice under compression. Two criteria, one phenomenological and the other more physical, are presented for the transition strain...

Preliminary Results of Direct Tension Tests on First-Year Sea Ice Samples
We present the initial results of our tests to determine the tensile behavior of columnar sea ice over a range of temperatures extending from -20 to -3?C and strain rates of 10^-5...

Fracture Resistance to Cracking in Ice: Initiation and Growth
The issue of notch sensitivity and brittleness of the test failure is used to forecast the necessary specimen size for a material property initiation toughness; a methodology is developed...

Size Effects in the Fracture of Quasi-Brittle Materials
Causes and influences of the structural size effect that is exhibited by materials such as concrete, mortar, ice rock and ceramics, are discussed. The size effect law, which models this...

Laboratory Observations of Macroscopic Failure Modes in Freshwater Ice
A review is presented of tests performed in the laboratory by several investigators on indentation in freshwater ice. A number of the observed failure modes are discussed. From the results,...

Some Questions on Fracture Mechanics of Ice and Ice Covers
Investigation of natural processes of deformation and fracture of ice covers, and processes of its interaction with icebreaker or ice-resistant structures requires as a rule considerations...

Effective Pressures Measured During Indentation Tests in Freshwater Ice
Indentation tests were conducted by pushing flat, vertical indentors of two different widths (50 and 100 mm) against the edges of floating, freshwater ice at different velocities (0.6-150...

Modeling of Floating Ice Sheets
Rectangular finite elements are studied and their suitability to investigate behavior of floating ice sheets is discussed. A simple model of the plate on one parameter, Wrinkler type,...

 

 

 

 

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