The Caisson Solution
Detroit is expanding its wastewater treatment plant to drastically reduce combined sewer overflows. The expansion, however, is being done on an extremely congested 4 acre tract of land...
Under the Undersea World
Soil conditions in New Orleans are generally unfavorable to the construction of large structures, and exceptionally so along the Mississippi River banks, which tend to slide. But that...
Cellular Sheet-Pile Floodwall
Williamson, W. Va., flooded 37 times in this century, will soon be guarded by a $41 million, 4000 ft floodwall being built by the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers. A series of 41 circular...
Single Pile and Pile Group in Permafrost
The results of laboratory and field experiments on single pile and pile group behaviour in frozen soils are reported. It was shown that the character of soil deformation was influenced...
The Effect of Loading Rate on the Bending Strength of Alluvium Reinforced Ice
Traditional building materials are often less than ideal for construction in remote Arctic locations. Their mechanical properties may be degraded in extreme cold, and costs associated...
Sludge Dewatering in Freezing Beds
This paper summarizes the results of laboratory and pilot scale studies on the development of the sludge freezing bed. Laboratory studies indicated that a freezing bed could dewater up...
Experimental Study of Adfreeze Heaving of Augered Caisson Footings
In order to establish the required depth of augered caisson-type footings in cold regions and their optimal design against adfreeze heaving, an experimental field investigation has been...
Environment One: A Master Plan Study for a New Scientific Research Station at the Geographic South Pole
The existing research station at the geographic South Pole is approaching the end of its useful life. This master plan study focuses on determining the technical and functional requirements...
Analysis of Soil-Stress Cell Interaction
Static loading experiments conducted on a soil stress cell embedded in a sand are presented. Stress cell performance was evaluated by comparing the indicated stress against the expected...
Visco-elasticity and the Compressive Failure of Polycrystalline Ice
The analysis of the visco-elasticity of polycrystalline ice is addressed. Experimental results on isotropic and anisotropic polycrystalline ice are presented, which indicate that intracrystalline...
Microstructure and Mechanical Behaviour of Ice
Short descriptions are given for ice in nature, test methods used to evaluate their deformation behaviour and, a general microstructure-based constitutive equation. Equations suitable...
The Ductile-Brittle Transition in Ice & Size Effect
This paper considers the ductile to brittle transition in ice under compression. Two criteria, one phenomenological and the other more physical, are presented for the transition strain...
Preliminary Results of Direct Tension Tests on First-Year Sea Ice Samples
We present the initial results of our tests to determine the tensile behavior of columnar sea ice over a range of temperatures extending from -20 to -3?C and strain rates of 10-5...
Fracture Resistance to Cracking in Ice: Initiation and Growth
The issue of notch sensitivity and brittleness of the test failure is used to forecast the necessary specimen size for a material property initiation toughness; a methodology is developed...
Laboratory Observations of Macroscopic Failure Modes in Freshwater Ice
A review is presented of tests performed in the laboratory by several investigators on indentation in freshwater ice. A number of the observed failure modes are discussed. From the results,...
Effective Pressures Measured During Indentation Tests in Freshwater Ice
Indentation tests were conducted by pushing flat, vertical indentors of two different widths (50 and 100 mm) against the edges of floating, freshwater ice at different velocities (0.6-150...
Snow Fence Operational and Material Testing
The proliferation of snow fence products since the late 1970's presents an opportunity for optimizing the control of drifting snow. It also presents a challenge in discriminating...
Recommended Cold Regions Meteorological Instrumentation
For nearly 30 years, CRREL has studied environmental conditions in winter weather. These efforts have concentrated on providing field-measured meteorological data and historical climatological...
Procedure for Seismic Evaluation and Design of Small Bore Piping
Simplified methods for the seismic design for small bore piping in nuclear power plants have been used for many years. Various pipe designers have developed unique methods to treat the...
Introduction to Structural and Mechanical Failure Modes for Nuclear Power Facilities
The three papers presented in this section discuss the types of information (i.e., dynamic tests, earthquake experience and analytical data) which are used in predicting the capacity of...
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