Decreasing Clay's Permeability Using Aluminum Salts
The permeabilities of montmorillonite and kaolinite clays were reduced by precipitating aluminum hydroxide in the pores of the clay. The precipitate was formed by permeating the clays...
Design of Final Covers for Landfills
Final covers or caps are incorporated into a completed landfill to limit the amount of moisture percolation through waste materials. A properly designed final cover system provides the...
Special Water Treatment in New Jersey
The New Jersey Department of Environmental Protection (NJDEP) performed a study on 'special water treatment'. The main goal of the project was to assess in detail...
Unit Operations Approach in Exposure/Release Evaluation for New Chemicals
The unit operations approach may also be applied to the estimation of potential exposure and release of toxic materials from the manufacture and/or processing of new chemicals. By characterizing...
Removal of Trace Organics in MunicipalWastewater
This paper presents the results of three years of monitoring effluent quality from two treatment facilities for trace organic chemicals in Pima County, Arizona. Approximately thirty 24-hour...
Evaluation of Chlorine Dioxide and Ozone Preoxidation on Conventional Treatment and Direct Filtration
The renewed interest in the use of chlorine dioxide and ozone as preoxidants has focused mainly on their effectiveness on color and THM precursor removal and as disinfectants. This paper...
Experimental Verification of a Unified Chlorine-Ammonia Reaction Model
A model of the reacting aqueous chlorine-ammonia system is proposed which describes equally well the rapid 'breakpoint' oxidation of ammonia or the slow decomposition...
Incinerating Dioxin Contaminated Waste at the USEPA Combustion Research Facility
The objective of the tests reported herein was to evaluate the incinerability of the toluene stillbottoms by determining whether 99. 9999% DRE could be achieved. All tests were performed...
Detoxifying Metal-Contaminated Solid Wastes by Induced Ion Exchange?A Theoretical Evaluation
The presence of minor amounts of insoluble heavy metal precipitates may render a large body of innocuous solids (say fly ash, soil, calcium carbonate or even biological sludge) potentially...
Risk-Based Design of Inspection Programs for Detecting Leaky Underground Storage Tanks
A mathematical framework is developed for estimating the effectiveness of large-scale inspection programs for leaky underground storage tanks. The framework incorporates the leak likelihood...
Clay Liner/Leachate Compatibility Modeling
Over the past several years, the results of many laboratory studies assessing the effect of various combinations of organic and inorganic chemical mixtures on the hydraulic conductivity...
Models of Organics Transport Through Soil Columns
A mathematical model is proposed for the transfer of organic solutes in soil. Two cases are considered namely transport of non-adsorptive solutes and transport of adsorptive solutes. Comparative-study...
Modeling the Movement of Volatile Organic Chemicals with Unsaturated Flow
Over the past decade, the rate of groundwater contamination by volatile organic chemicals (VOCs) has increased. Therefore, for both groundwater protection and cleanup, it is necessary...
Effects of Sampling Equipmenton the Chemical Integrity of Groundwater Samples
Proper sampling of groundwater is one of the basic steps in monitoring movement of pollutants in groundwater systems. The effect of the use of silicone rubber when used as a bladder in...
Sulfide Control in Omaha and Cedar Rapids
Omaha, Nebraska, and Cedar Rapids, Iowa have been involved in efforts to control sulfide in major interceptors, at the influent to the treatment plants, and within the treatment facilities....
Controlling Sulfide Corrosion in Large Diameter Gravity Sewers (
The County Sanitation Districts of Los Angeles County undertook a major evaluation of sewer system ranging in size from 1. 22 to 3. 65 meters in diameter that transports peak wastewater...
Mixing and Polymer Performance in Sludge Dewatering
A biofilm reactor, termed the support-aerated biofilm (SAB), was developed in which oxygen was supplied to the interior of the biofilm through a permeable membrane. The reactor was tested...
Heat Treatment and Low Pressure Oxidation Systems
A study was performed to identify problems and to document solutions in the design, operation, and maintenance of heat treatment and low pressure oxidation systems for conditioning sludge...
Effect of Particle Size on Sludge Dewaterability
Using a modified Buchner funnel apparatus to measure specific resistance and a sequential centrifugation/filtration procedure to fractionate a sludge, it was possible to more precisely...
Generalized Methodology for Simulating Mudflows
In this paper, a one-dimensional dynamic flood-routing model, for non-Newtonian fluid properties, is described and applied to two different mudflow events: Holbrook Canyon, Utah, and Mount...
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