Flexible Irrigation Supply Pilot Projects?Part II: Sri Lanka, Pakistan, India, Egypt
The Sri Lanka project covers about 150 one hectare farms on the lower half of a unit served by one distributary. The upper part, because of delays in construction, was left as an earth...
Adopted Drip Irrigation Technology for Developing Countries
Two low cost drip irrigation systems are presented. Even though the uniformity of these systems is not as high as the conventional drip systems, the initial and operating costs of the...
Evolution of Appropriate Technology
Although appropriate technology has been practiced since the beginning of people on earth, the inventiveness of the 20th century is forcing engineers (and others) to look at the multitude...
Environmental Considerations in Sustainable Development and the Application of Appropriate Technology
A fundamental appropriate technology concept is that technologies, as well as the development process, must be environmentally sound. As stated by the United Nations' World...
Health Benefits From the Use of Appropriate Technologies in Water Supply and Sanitation
Research on selected diseases in developing countries has found significant health impacts from water supply and sanitation interventions. Sanitation, personal and domestic hygiene, and...
Management and Institutional Considerations in Selecting Appropriate Technologies in Water Supply and Sanitation
Rural water supply and sanitation systems in developing countries have had an unacceptably high rate of failure or reduced use. Development planners have not sufficiently considered the...
Using Social Infrastructure in Support of Appropriate Technology
This paper proposes and argues for an expanded definition of social infrastructure, suggesting that the creation, adoption and maintenance of appropriate technology are dependent upon...
Sedimentation Problems and Solutions: Roseires Dam and Reservoir, Sudan
Roseires Dam and reservoir are located in Sudan, Africa on the Blue Nile River. The hydropower from the reservoir provides approximately 80% of the power used in Sudan, thus having a tremendous...
Introduction, and Analysis of Survey?Preliminary Report of Task Committee on Recommendations for Standards in Hydraulics
To help formulate its recommendations for future standardization of tasks in hydraulic engineering, the Task Committee conducted a survey of practicing engineers. This survey indicated...
Management of Water Resources Distribution in Iran
On the basis of 45th principle of the Iranian Constitution, seawater as well as river waters, streams and any other natural course, whether surface or underground, also floods, wastewaters,...
Maintenance of Stormwater Management Facilities: Neglects in Practice
The Stormwater Management Facilities (SWMF) have become a required component of urban development projects in many parts of the country. In spite of differences in size, type, and physical...
Sedimentation Aspects of Floodplain Management
This paper presents sedimentation aspects of a recent disastrous flood that occurred during September 10-12 1990 in the Han River basin, a central part of the Korean peninsula. The flood...
Effect of Manning's Roughness Coefficient in Simulating Flow Parameters in Natural Channels
Manning's roughness coefficients are presented for three of the oldest and largest irrigation canals in Egypt. The discharges ranges from 35 to 318 m3/s....
Historical Background
Discussions on payments for encountering unexpected conditions in construction commenced in 1960 and subsequent programs were presented in 1963, 1989 and 1991. The current symposium contains...
Who Pays for the Unexpected in Construction??The Lawyer's Point of View
Encountering the unexpected is to be expected - it is one of the risks inherent in construction. While encountering the unexpected cannot be completely prevented, steps to (1) reduce the...
Construction Communications?What the Contractor Has to Write: And How
Only zero defects in scheduling, cost control, and specification compliance can maximize construction business profits. You can never produce a perfect project, but by clear, uncomplicated,...
Central Artery (I-93)/Tunnel (I-90) Project
This paper is intended to provide an overview of the Boston Central Artery/Tunnel Project (CA/T) Project; a $4.9 billion USD interstate highway constructed underground through a densely...
The Liability Crisis-Revisited
The 'liability crisis' of the 1980s which has affected engineers and other professionals in a significant way is considered. A number of theories or opinions...
Biological and Physical Aspects of Dredging, Kings Bay, Georgia
This proceedings,
Scheduling for Effectiveness
Telephone calls, drop-in visitors and the assorted instant crises that arise in the course of a busy workday can leave engineering and construction professionals feeling they have little...
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