An Integrated Human/Plant Metabolic Mass Balance Model

by A. B. Thompson, Martin Marietta Civil Space and, Communications, Denver, United States,
J. R. Schulz, Martin Marietta Civil Space and, Communications, Denver, United States,
C. G. Cooley, Martin Marietta Civil Space and, Communications, Denver, United States,



Document Type: Proceeding Paper

Part of: Engineering, Construction, and Operations in Space III

Abstract:

The design and development of Controlled Ecological Life Support Systems (CELSS) in support of future Lunar and Martian bases requires analytical models for evaluating human and biological systems and the interactions between the two. An integrated model consisting of human and plant modules (which can be later expanded to include animals) has been proposed. The human module models human metabolic inputs (O₂, macronutrients and micro-nutrients) and outputs (CO₂, urine, feces, insensible water, and toxic gases) as a function of crew activity levels, energy expenditure rates (EERs), and body mass. The plant module models plant metabolic activity as a function of inputs. The final integrated module will determine total crew inputs and outputs and determine the ability of plant-based systems to satisfy the crew's macro-/micronuitrent and mineral requirements. Issues associated with definition of EERs are addressed, including a comparison of actual versus theoretical EERs. Scenarios for use of the model in planning for future manned exploration missions are included.

Subject Headings: Space life support systems | Human and behavioral factors | Mathematical models | Ecosystems | Space exploration | Space colonies | Biological processes

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