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Crack Growth Stability in Ice

by J. P. Dempsey, Clarkson Univ, Potsdam, NY, USA,
S. J. DeFranco, Clarkson Univ, Potsdam, NY, USA,
Y. Wei, Clarkson Univ, Potsdam, NY, USA,



Document Type: Proceeding Paper

Part of: Mechanics Computing in 1990's and Beyond

Abstract:

The mechanics of stable, time dependent crack growth as a function of geometry and increasing crack length in saline an freshwater columnar ice are examined in this paper. Experimental results revealed that crack growth in freshwater ice was typically characterized by incremental propagation-arrest behavior. Slow, continued crack growth only occurred where ?G/?a was sufficiently negative. The R-curve for freshwater ice exhibits negative ?R/?a with increasing a which is indicative of rate effects at the crack tip prior to and during crack propagation. This feature explains the difficulty experienced by other workers in obtaining stable crack growth in freshwater ice. Crack propagation in saline ice has also been previously observed to be incremental However, the increments of crack growth were much smaller and only occurred under increasing load. A new geometry is presented which sustains stable crack growth in saline ice over a wider range of crack lengths.

Subject Headings: Cracking | Ice | Fresh water | Salinity | Geometrics | Ice loads | Time dependence

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