State Space Approach to Flood Stage Estimation

by Gregory A. Jones, Morrison-Knudsen Engineers Inc, San, Francisco, CA, USA,
Roy W. Koch, Morrison-Knudsen Engineers Inc, San, Francisco, CA, USA,



Document Type: Proceeding Paper

Part of: Hydraulics and Hydrology in the Small Computer Age

Abstract:

A flood routing and stage prediction model is developed using the techniques of State Space and Kalman filtering. The governing equation is the physically based hydrologic method of flood routing with the output being an optimal estimate of stage given known inputs of streamflow. These equations are developed in state space, with the Kalman filter employed to update the estimate of flow and river stage. The model is applied to the Toutle and Cowlitz Rivers in the State of Washington, where the stage is affected by a shifting bed elevation. The addition of the Kalman filter improves stage prediction based on an application to an observed storm event.

Subject Headings: Flood routing | Filters | Kalman filters | Rivers and streams | Streamflow | Mathematical models | Hydrology | Washington | United States

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